Enfamil infant ready to feed liquid baby formula

Standard Milk-Based Formula: Enfamil NeuroPro vs. Similac Advance

When not breastfeeding or otherwise using human milk, most parents in the U.S. rely on standard milk-based infant formulas for nourishing their little ones. Indeed, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends formula-fed babies receive iron-fortified, milk-based formulas.

Health care providers will look to alternatives if a baby has an intolerance to a milk-based formula, but standard milk-based formulas are most often their starting point, explains Dyan Hes, M.D., a pediatrician in New York City.

“We always start with cow’s milk formula because all of the sugar is lactose, which is the same as [in] breast milk,” she says. The closer infant formulas can replicate the makeup of breast milk, the better for babies.

Here’s how the standard milk-based formulas from Similac and Enfamil compare.

	Similac Pro-Advance	36 Oz (Pack of 3)	$1. 11 per ounce	Starting from $129		On Amazon
	Enfamil NeuroPro	31.4 Oz (Pack of 4)	$1.21 per ounce	Starting from $162		On Amazon

Similac Advance

Similac Advance is an iron-fortified, milk-based formula that includes docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)—an omega-3 fatty acid—lutein and vitamin E to better support infant neurodevelopment. The brand boasts it omits palm olein oil in an effort to increase calcium absorption, though it’s worth noting studies show the substance naturally occurs in breast milk and has no adverse effects on developing babies.

Cost: $1.41 per ounce

Key ingredients:

• Nonfat milk
• Lactose
• Whey protein concentrate
• High oleic safflower oil
• Soy oil
• Coconut oil
• Galactooligosaccharides (prebiotics)

Enfamil NeuroPro

What sets Enfamil NeuroPro apart is its emphasis on brain and eye-boosting fatty acids. The World Health Organization recommends infant formulas contain between .3% and .5% DHA for brain health. This formulation from Enfamil contains .32%.

Cost: $1.57 per ounce

Key ingredients: 

• Nonfat milk
• Lactose
• Vegetable oil (palm olein, coconut, soy and high oleic sunflower oils)
• Whey protein concentrate
• Whey protein-lipid concentrate

The Winner: Enfamil NeuroPro

While the Advance and NeuroPro formulas appear to share a similar ingredient list, the Enfamil NeuroPro has a winning advantage: something called milk fat globule membrane (MFGM).

MFGM is a substance that occurs naturally in human milk fat, which helps this formula more closely mimic the properties of breast milk, says Delene P. Musielak, M.D., a pediatrician in St. Louis. One study in the Journal of Pediatrics found consuming formula with added bovine MFGM and bovine lactoferrin gave babies a boost in their language, cognitive and motor development.

Dr. Musielak also notes the Enfamil NeuroPro contains slightly higher levels of both DHA and arachidonic acid (ARA), an omega-6 fatty acid. These fatty acids are essential to the development of babies’ eyes and brains, though she also notes studies have been inconclusive about the long-term benefits of consuming higher levels of these fatty acids in infancy.

“Parents should use the formula that their baby tolerates best and is most affordable for the family,” Dr. Musielak says, noting that one formula isn’t necessarily better than the other. However, if finding an option that most closely resembles breast milk is important to you, then the Enfamil NeuroPro has the advantage in this comparison.

Gentle Baby Formula: Similac Pro Total Comfort vs. Enfamil Gentlease

While most pediatricians start babies on standard milk-based formulas, Dr. Musielak says they may recommend a switch to gentle varieties if parents report any of the following symptoms:

• Gas
• Digestive issues
• Colic and excessive fussiness
• Sensitivity to lactose

Gentle—or partially hydrolyzed—formulas are easier for tiny stomachs to digest as they have already broken down the protein molecules found in milk. In fact, gentle formulas may better mimic breast milk in terms of protein size, according to Bridget Young, M.D., an assistant professor of pediatrics at the University of Rochester School of Medicine in Rochester, New York.

“On average, human breast milk proteins are smaller in size than cow’s milk proteins,” says Dr. Young. “So partially hydrolyzed formulas provide proteins that are closer in size to breast milk proteins than standard formula proteins.”

Because they contain casein and whey, however, even gentle formulas are not suitable for babies with true milk allergies.

Here’s how Similac’s gentle formula and Enfamil’s gentle formula compare.

	Similac Pro-Total Comfort	36 Oz (Pack of 3)	$1. 24 per ounce	Starting from $133.95		On Amazon
	Enfamil Gentlease	27.7 Oz (Pack of 4)	$1.23 per ounce	Starting from $135.96		On Amazon

Similac Pro-Total Comfort

The Pro-Total Comfort formula from Similac uses 100% partially hydrolyzed whey protein that may be gentler on some stomachs. When it comes to this option, Dr. Hes is impressed by Similac’s inclusion of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), which are prebiotics naturally present in breast milk that provide immune, gastrointestinal and cognitive support.

Cost: $1.50 per ounce (at CVS)

Key ingredients: 

• Corn maltodextrin
• Whey protein hydrolysate
• High oleic safflower oil
• Sugar
• Soy oil
• Coconut oil

Enfamil Gentlease

Intended to be easier on little stomachs, Gentlease provides partially hydrolyzed nonfat milk and whey proteins. This formula is geared toward infants struggling with digestive discomfort, and aims to ease gas and the fussiness that often goes along with it.

Cost: $1.45 per ounce

Key ingredients: 

• Corn syrup solids
• Partially hydrolyzed nonfat milk and whey protein concentrate solids (soy)
• Vegetable oil (palm olein, coconut, soy, and high oleic sunflower oils)
• Calcium phosphate

The Winner: Similac Pro-Total Comfort

When it comes to comparing Pro-Total Comfort and Gentlease, one isn’t necessarily better than the other—it’s all about testing and choosing the option that your baby tolerates more easily, says Dr. Young.

The two formulas have different protein sources, which may affect your baby’s comfort: Gentlease uses a partially hydrolyzed mix of 60% whey and 40% casein while the Pro-Total Comfort makes use of 100% whey protein that’s been partially hydrolyzed. Dr. Young also notes differences in the carbohydrate and fat sources, explaining, again, that a parent’s decision should all come down to the baby’s preference.

If you’re dealing with an infant with lactose intolerance, however, Dr. Hes leans toward the Pro-Total Comfort formula. In addition to valuable HMOs, this variety also contains just 2% lactose versus the 20% found in Gentlease.

Baby Formula for Spit Up: Enfamil AR vs. Similac Spit-Up

Spit up is simply part of new parenthood. Tiny developing digestive systems are to blame, but with proper weight gain and adequate wet diapers (about six to eight a day), pediatricians often find no cause for concern.

“If spit up is affecting the baby’s quality of life and/or disrupting sleep, we may consider switching formulas,” says Dr. Hes. “Many babies are happy spitters and they do not need a formula change…if a baby is not growing or gaining weight well, we may change to a formula that protects against spit up.”

Here’s a look at two popular spit up-specific options offered to new parents.

	Similac for Spit-Up	19. 36 Oz	$1.49 per ounce	Starting from $28.99		On Similac's Website
	Enfamil A.R.	19.5 Oz	$1.54 per ounce	Starting from $28.82		On Amazon

Similac for Spit-Up

Similac claims its spit-up formula reduces spit-up episodes by 54% in healthy, 2-month-old babies compared to infants fed standard milk-based formulas. This formula uses additional rice starch to ease spit up and contains a blend of DHA, lutein and vitamin E to support infant neurodevelopment.

Cost: Previously $1.28 per ounce (currently unavailable on Amazon)

Key ingredients: 

• Corn syrup
• Modified rice starch
• Milk protein isolate
• High oleic safflower oil
• Sugar
• Soy oil
• Coconut oil
• Galactooligosaccharides (prebiotics)

Enfamil A.

Enfamil A.R. is a rice-starch thickened formula aimed at reducing instances of spit up in babies by as much as 50%. This option includes the same recommended amount of DHA and ARA present in the brand’s other formulations.

Cost: $1.35 per ounce

Key ingredients: 

• Non-fat milk
• Vegetable oil (palm olein, coconut, soy and high oleic sunflower oils)
• Rice starch
• Lactose
• Maltodextrin
• Galactooligosaccharides (prebiotics)
• Polydextrose (prebiotics)

The Winner: Similac for Spit-Up

First, a word of warning: Dr. Musielak says both formula options contain a thickening agent called rice starch that helps infants keep liquids down. Because these varieties are thicker than standard formulas and can clog bottles during feedings, Dr. Musielak advises parents to use a bottle with a larger nipple size. She cautions against cutting or modifying bottle tops on your own, as you want to ensure they don’t become choking hazards while feeding.

While the formulas are fairly similar—especially in their method of reducing spit-up—the increased efficacy of Similac, coupled with its lower price, pushes it into first place.

Enfamil vs. Similac: Other Infant Formulas

In addition to the formulas noted above, both Enfamil and Similac offer formulas designed for babies with a sensitivity to cow’s milk protein or other allergies. 

Specifically, Enfamil offers: 

• Nutramigen with Enflora LGG Powder. Crafted from extensively hydrolyzed proteins, this hypoallergenic formula is lactose-free and contains DHA and ARA for brain and eye development. Enfamil also offers this formula in liquid form.
• PurAmino Hypoallergenic Infant Formula Powder. Enfamil notes this formula is designed for babies with severe food allergies, as it’s crafted with free amino acids. 

Meanwhile, Similac offers the following for food allergies: 

• Similac Alimentum. This hypoallergenic formula contains 2’-FL HMO—an ingredient for immune support—and features a broken-down protein that’s easier for babies to digest. This formula also comes in ready-to-feed bottles. 

For those interested in organic formulas, both Similac and Enfamil have options, too. Enfamil’s Simply Organic formula contains USDA-certified organic milk, and Similac Organic is non-GMO and features organic milk and other ingredients.

Picking the Best Formula for Your Baby

No matter which baby formula you choose, rest assured that the FDA has a strict set of nutritional requirements each approved product must meet. Ultimately, formula choice comes down to preference—both yours and your baby’s.

A good rule of thumb: “Make your decision based on the first few ingredients in the list,” says Dr. Young. “These make up 98% of the formula and will have the biggest impact on your baby’s comfort.” She recommends ignoring the marketing claims and heading straight for the ingredient list, discussing with your pediatrician which options make the best choice for your baby’s digestive comfort.

Consult a Pediatrician

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Is it okay to switch from Similac to Enfamil?

If you’re interested in switching to a different baby formula brand, consult your pediatrician. With the recent baby formula shortage partially driven by a voluntary recall of some Similac baby formulas, Enfamil has identified products on its website that might be a suitable swap. Experts note that in cases where your infant doesn’t require specialized formula, you should be able to switch brands safely. Check with your pediatrician first, though.

Why is there corn syrup in baby formula?

Enfamil notes that corn syrup is derived from corn and consists of long chains of glucose. Not to be confused with high-fructose corn syrup, corn syrup solids provide energy for babies.

Can I use a microwave to prepare baby formula?

The FDA does not recommend heating infant formula or breast milk in the microwave, as it can heat the liquid unevenly, creating hotspots that can scald your baby’s mouth or throat.

What if my baby does not like formula?

Speak with your pediatrician if your baby is vomiting (but keep in mind a little spit-up is normal). If your baby is experiencing belly pain, they may have a sensitivity or allergy to the protein present in cow’s milk. Reach out to your pediatrician, who can help determine the root cause of your infant’s discomfort.

References

Berg J, Tymoczko J, Stryer L. Biochemistry, 5th edition, 2002.

Industry Presented Blog: What to Eat Before and After a Workout. American College of Sports Medicine. Accessed 5/24/2021.

Gustafson C, Rakhmatullaeva N, Beckford S, Ammachathram A, Cristobal A, Koehler K. Exercise and the Timing of Snack Choice: Healthy Snack Choice Is Reduced in the Post-Exercise State. Nutrients. 2018;10(12):1941.

The Top 4 Protein Sources May Surprise You. Cleveland Clinic. Accessed 5/24/2021.

James L, Stevenson E, Rumbold P, Hulston C. Cow’s milk as a post-exercise recovery drink: implications for performance and health. European Journal of Sport Science. 2019;19(1):40-48.

Nieman DC, Zwetsloot KA, Simonson AJ, Hoyle AT, Wang X, Nelson HK, Lefranc-Millot C, Guérin-Deremaux L. Effects of Whey and Pea Protein Supplementation on Post-Eccentric Exercise Muscle Damage: A Randomized Trial. Nutrients. 2020;12(8):2382.

Bowtell JL, Sumners DP, Dyer A, Fox P, Mileva KN. Montmorency cherry juice reduces muscle damage caused by intensive strength exercise. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2011;43(8):1544-51.

Vitale KC, Hueglin S, Broad E. Tart Cherry Juice in Athletes: A Literature Review and Commentary. Current Sports Medicine Reports. 2017;16(4):230-239.

The Worst Foods to Eat After a Workout. American Council on Exercise. Accessed 5/24/2021.

Nutrient Timing: Pre and Post-Workout Questions Answered. National Academy of Sports Medicine. Accessed 5/24/2021.

American Dietetic Association, Dietitians of Canada, and American College of Sports Medicine. Nutrition and Athletic Performance. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2009;41(3):709-731.

Rossen L, Simon A, Herrick, K. Types of Infant Formulas Consumed in the United States. Clinical Pediatrics.(2015):278–85.

Eidelman A, Schanler R. Breastfeeding and the Use of Human Milk. Pediatrics. 2012;129(3)e827-e841.

Infant Formula: Evaluating the Safety of New Ingredients. National Academies Press. 2004. Accessed 5/14/2021.

Di Genova L, Cerquiglini L, Penta L, et al. Pediatric Age Palm Oil Consumption. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018;15(4):651.

Dha Ara One-Pager. Munich: European Foundation for the Care of Newborn Infants. Accessed 5/13/2021.

Li F, Wu S, Berseth C L, et al. Improved Neurodevelopmental Outcomes Associated With Bovine Milk Fat Globule Membrane and Lactoferrin in Infant formula: A Randomized, Controlled Trial. The Journal of Pediatrics. 2019.

Questions & Answers for Consumers Concerning Infant Formula. Food and Drug Administration. Accessed 5/13/2021.

Salem N. What is the Right Level of DHA in the Infant Diet? Pediatr Res, 2007;61,518–519.

Formula Options for Infants and Toddlers with Food Allergies. Kids With Food Allergies. Accessed 5/13/2021.

Spitting Up in Babies. Familydoctor.org. Accessed 5/13/2021.

Spitting Up–Self-Care. Medlineplus. Accessed 5/27/2021.

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Enfamil. Mead Johnson. Accessed 5/27/2021.

Pre-mixed liquid formulas for infants: key benefits

09/23/2019 30301

Breast milk substitutes are created in accordance with the international standards of the Food Code ( 9Codex Alimentarius 0078 ) . A century and a half industry has created an impressive range of infant formulas carefully tailored to the nutritional needs of a newborn baby. What are they?

All products that replace breast milk are divided into two large groups:

1. Simple (physiological) mixtures are created on the basis of cow's milk, the protein of which is processed in a special way in a vacuum, then supplemented with vitamins and vegetable oil.
2. Complex (medicinal) are dairy-free and sour-milk (acidophilic) substitutes for women's milk. Dairy-free formulas replace cow's whey protein with low-allergenic soy protein. Sour-milk baby formulas for newborns contain split protein, in this state it enhances the secretion of the gastrointestinal tract and normalizes the intestinal microflora.

When choosing between simple and complex mixtures, it is worth focusing primarily on the recommendation of a pediatrician.

By what parameters are simple milk formulas classified?

By type

According to the proximity to the properties of breast milk, milk formulas are divided into two types:

1. Adapted, they are recommended for feeding babies in the first months after birth, because they are maximally similar in composition to human milk.
2. Unadapted (subsequent), they should not be offered to a baby in the first six months of life, since such mixtures are made from whole cow's milk and a decoction of various cereals.

By consistency

Infant formulas are available on the market in both dry and liquid form. When dried, milk loses some of its beneficial properties, so sterilized or pasteurized liquid mixtures are preferable. However, they are stored for no more than two days, are expensive, and have little marketing appeal for stores - even in large cities, liquid infant formula is very difficult to find.

Dry diluted with boiled water (in no case with milk, otherwise there will be an excess of protein). The packaging is equipped with a measuring spoon for easy dosing.

The proposed taxonomy clarifies the question of which mixture is best for the newborn, if there are no special medical prescriptions. A simple adapted dairy will replace mother's milk if artificial feeding is required.

By age range

An important parameter in the selection of baby food is the age marking on the product packaging. The digestive system of a small person, as it grows, needs new substances and their saturation. Manufacturers of infant formulas take this into account, offering a composition suitable for this age from the birth of a baby, after six months and starting from a year - another, more high-calorie, supplemented with new microelements and vitamins.

• The suffix 0 on the product packaging means it is formulated for premature or low birth weight babies. They are nutritious and carefully balanced, they contain those elements that will help the unformed organism achieve normal physical indicators.
• Index 1 indicates that the mixture is intended for crumbs only in the first months of life, up to six months.

These two labels show you which formula to choose for your newborn. Other figures are for older children.

• Index 2 - offered to little fidgets from six months to a year.
• Index 3 - for those who celebrated their first birthday.

Special cases

Digestive disorders, milk protein intolerance, and other factors may cause a child to require nutritional therapy. The doctor will advise specialized mixtures that have the components necessary to solve a specific problem.

Acidophilic

More viscous fermented milk mixtures will help the baby if he has dysbacteriosis, colic, constipation or diarrhea, indicating problems in the digestive organs. They inhibit the reproduction of pathogenic flora in the intestines and grow beneficial bacteria.

Such mixtures promote better digestion of lactose, therefore they are good for children with mild lactase deficiency.

Fermented milk products NAS 1 Sour Milk, Nutrilak Sour Milk, Dutch Nutrilon Sour Milk (Nutricia campaign) are in high consumer demand.

Antireflux

Frequent and profuse spitting up after eating is a reason to seek help with anti-reflux mixtures for newborns. In the child's stomach, they turn into a clot, delaying regurgitation. This effect is achieved by the presence of a polysaccharide in the composition of the product. It is obtained either from starch (amylopectin) or from carob beans (galactomannan). Often, anti-reflux sublimates are used only as part of a general feeding.

If you are looking for an anti-reflux formula for newborns, then determine which one is best based on the needs of the baby: products with amylopectin give a long-lasting feeling of satiety and strengthen stools, and fibers from locust bean gum can only be broken down in the intestines, that is, they are prebiotics, invaluable for the microflora of the body with relevant problems.

Anti-reflux mixture packaging is usually labeled AR (in Russian transcription АР).

AR starch mixtures: Nutrilon Comfort, Celia AR, NAN AR, Enfamil AR, Samper Lemolak, Semilak AR for newborns.

Products with gum: a mixture of Humana AR, BelLakt AR, Grandmother's basket Antireflux BIO, as well as Frisavom and Nutrilak AR.

Hypoallergenic

Hypoallergenic mixtures (marked as HA, in Russian - GA), although they belong to the category of therapeutic, are prophylactically useful for every newborn.

The best infant formula is one in which the protein is partially hydrolyzed, ie treated with acid and enzymes. It not only protects the baby's body prone to hypersensitivity, but also facilitates the digestion of food.

Hypoallergenic mixes "Frisolak GA", "NAN GA", "Nutrilon GA", "Hipp Combiotic" are leaders in the market.

Which do you prefer? Encourage your child to do this. The reactions of a small organism will tell you which is better - "NAN" or "Nutrilon", or you need to take care of other options.

Low lactose and lactose free

Lactose is a natural sugar that is found only in dairy products, the body uses the enzyme lactase to digest it, but sometimes it is not produced enough, and then they talk about milk intolerance.

It makes itself felt by bloating and rumbling in the tummy, frequent regurgitation right at the time of feeding, loose frothy stools and other signs that indicate that you need to seek help from a specialist. The doctor will prescribe an analysis and, based on its results, will judge what caused the baby's malaise. If lactase deficiency is detected, then the usual adapted milk mixtures should give way to therapeutic ones.

In the first lines of the rating of lactose-free mixtures for newborns - the product "Humana LP" with prebiotics. Dietary nutrition will also be provided by Nutrilon Premium lactose-free, NAN lactose-free, Celia lactose-free, Grandmother's basket lactose-free, Nestozhen low-lactose for newborns.

Presented substitutes are based on milk protein, in which the level of lactose is reduced to a minimum. But there are foods that do not contain even a trace of animal protein: soy. These are "Frsiosoy", "Similak Izomil", "Nutrilak Premium soy".

Important! Manufacturers of infant soy formula never use genetically modified soy.

How to choose

Experts believe that parents should not choose baby food at their own risk. The main word is for the pediatrician. He will most likely recommend several options.

How to choose a mixture and what to consider when buying:

1. A tin keeps the product from air and moisture penetration better than a cardboard box.
2. Do not take a jar if you find dents or other suspicious signs of improper storage and transportation on it.
3. Buy formula that is no older than three months from date of manufacture if it can be stored for 24 months. If the product has a shorter shelf life, follow the rule: only the first quarter of the expiration date is good.
4. Ignore the eye-catching assurances on the packaging about the presence of certain beneficial microorganisms and enzymes, see if they are listed in the product.
5. Prefer mixtures with specific ingredients: taurine, inositol, L-cartinine. These substances actively form the systems of a small organism and are indispensable in metabolism.
6. Remember: palm oil in infant formula is harmful to health. Choose products that use other vegetable oils.
7. Be sure to follow the age guidelines.
8. Unless dietary nutrition is specifically prescribed yet, for newborns with signs of digestive disorders (what they are, it is better to consult a doctor), it is recommended to start adding it as a component to the main diet, for example, one or two feedings from the total.
9. Do not buy baby food by hand or via the Internet, but in pharmacies and specialty stores.

In order not to throw puzzled glances at a bewitching kaleidoscope of jars and boxes, take into account the expert rating, formed from consumer reviews and recommendations from professionals.

Top of the best mixes

You can make such a rating yourself if you carefully study the characteristics of each product. But in the community of pediatricians and parents, there is already a list of popular baby food samples that will tell you which mixture is best to choose.

The top ten mother's milk substitutes for newborns include the following powdered formulas:

1. First place - NAN 1, a product from the ancestor of artificial feeding - Nestle. The composition contains the additive "Denta pro", which reduces the risk of caries in the future. Does not contain palm oil.
2. Second place - a mixture of HUMANA from Germany, made from selected milk of never sick cows, contains omega fats that contribute to the development of intelligence and memory.
3. Third place - "NENNY from birth", "BIBIKOL" campaign, New Zealand. A delicious blend based on goat's milk, without palm oil.
4. Fourth place - Nutrilon 1 powder from the Nutricia campaign. The protein of cow's milk is maximally hydrolyzed, there are immunity-forming nucleotides, there is a complex of the most essential minerals and vitamin supplements.
5. Fifth place - Similac 1 premium Danish blend without palm oil with vision and brain development complex.
6. Sixth place - product Nutrilak 1, contains all the components useful for full growth, enriched with iron, which prevents anemia. Contains no palm oil.
7. Seventh place - Russian "Malyutka", the mixture is well balanced, meets the highest standards, has a sweet taste that children like. However, due to excess sugar, it can cause rashes.
8. Eighth place - artificial milk HIPP (Germany - Austria), has been carefully tested in one of the best laboratories in the world. But there is little iodine in the mixture, and the composition of vegetable oils is not deciphered on the packaging.
9. Ninth place - a mixture of "BelLakt Optimum 1" (Belarus) benign and meets international standards. In rare cases, it can cause allergies, constipation.
10. Tenth place - milk formula "Agusha Original 1" (Russia), enriched with a mineral-vitamin complex, prebiotics, but in some cases causes profuse regurgitation.

Your baby's behavior during and after eating tells you how you were able to find formula. Anxiety, crying, hunger, unhealthy skin conditions and digestive problems - this is how the child reports that the mixture is not suitable for him, no matter how successful in terms of price or rating it may be.

Let your choice be successful, because the moments of feeding are moments of tenderness and care, which, together with useful milk, mother gives to her beloved little one.

Watch the video - which formula to choose for your baby:

Watch Komarovsky's video - artificial feeding:

No food in the world compares to breast milk. It is it that is filled with all the vitamins and useful elements necessary for the baby, and also helps to strengthen the immune system and physical health of the newborn. But what if from the very first days of life the child refused to breastfeed? And what to feed the baby when there is not enough milk? There is a way out - artificial feeding.

Are problems with the transition to artificial feeding being solved?

No formula can fully replace real breast milk. If, for some reason, the mother of the child does not have the opportunity to feed him naturally, then artificial feeding will help her. However, the one who thinks that with the transfer of a nursing baby to mixtures, the mother's worries will decrease is greatly mistaken.

On the contrary. She (and especially those women in labor in whom this is the first artificial child in the family) has many questions. How to feed? What to feed? How to dilute the mixture for a newborn? Can cow's or goat's milk be used? How to choose a mixture? What types of mixtures are there? In a word, the number of pop-up questions is simply dizzy. Therefore, we decided to answer the most important and frequently encountered of them. Dispel erroneous myths and give useful advice.

What is the problem with mix selection?

Some 20 years ago, choosing a formula for a newborn was not at all difficult. It all came down to one thing - a trip to the store. Recall that earlier there were only two types of mixtures:

• "Kid";
• baby formula.

The number of jars and bottles is currently impressive. From such an extensive list of manufacturing companies and bright covers, it simply dazzles in the eyes. But this does not mean at all that artificial feeding of newborns implies the purchase of the first product that caught your eye. On the contrary, pediatricians, including Dr. Komarovsky, advise not to rush and not make spontaneous purchases inspired by advertising or advice from a friend. The choice of baby food is a purely individual process that requires prior consultation with a doctor.

As we have already said, artificial feeding of newborns requires prior consultation with a doctor. What is it for? First of all, so that young and inexperienced mothers do not make the most common mistakes. For example, to be safe, some mothers choose the very first mixture of hypoallergenic, soy or lactose-free.

According to Dr. Komarovsky, these mixtures are from the “special” series, and artificial feeding of newborns using them is suitable only in the following cases:

1. If the child has allergic reactions to classic milk formulas.
2. If the baby is lactose intolerant.

At the same time, only doctors can determine the reason for prescribing such dry products for children.

What are infant formulas?

In order not to get confused and choose the right mixture for a newborn, we will conditionally divide all food and “loose” products into the following types:

• adapted;
• partially adapted;
• "follow-up formulas" (used for feeding children after one year).

Adapted formulas and examples thereof

The formula-fed infant's nutrition should be balanced and as close as possible to natural mother's milk. It is these properties that adapted mixtures have, which include lightweight globulins and albumins, as well as carbohydrates, vitamins and fats, lactulose, lysozyme and others. Often they can be supplemented with bifidobacteria (these compounds are called fermented milk). An example of adapted mixtures are such “dry dairy products” as Piltti, Nutrilon-1, Agusha-1, NAN, Pre-HiPP and others.

Partially adapted formulas: examples

Formula-fed infant nutrition can be based on partially adapted formulas. They usually contain casein. The assimilation of this protein by the child's body occurs much more slowly than when they use adapted mixtures.

In addition, these formulations do not contain demineralized whey and therefore are not considered a complete substitute for breast milk. For example, these include "Nestozhen", "Impress", "Similak", "Enfamil", milk formula "Baby", "Baby" and others.

“Follow-up formula” formulas: examples

In addition to breastfeeding (from birth to one year), bottle-feeding can be continued after 12 months. In such mixtures, more minerals and beneficial vitamins are usually added, which are necessary for older children (leading an active lifestyle). Such mixtures include: Nutrilon-2, Bebelak-2, Frisomel, Agu-2 and others.

Why do we need specialized mixtures?

As we mentioned above, artificial feeding of children up to a year and after 12 months can be complicated by certain characteristics of the child's body (the same applies to premature babies who need specialized care). Buying such baby food is also recommended for children prone to allergies and rashes. For example, "NAS hypoallergenic." It is also used for congenital or acquired as a result of an illness (for example, after suffering an intestinal infection) lactose intolerance. A striking example is "NAN lactose-free" and "Mamex lactose-free".

Also, artificial feeding in children who have refused or weaned from the breast may be accompanied by additional congenital abnormalities and diseases (for example, associated with digestion). For such babies, it is recommended to use mixtures based on soy protein, such as Bona-Soya.

If a formula-fed baby is iron deficient (anemia), then he should buy iron-containing formulas. For example, Similak with iron.

For children who often spit up after eating, special anti-reflux mixtures must be purchased. They contain a certain "thickening agent" and have a special mark on the front of the package - "AP".

Why can't I buy special formulas myself if I have allergies?

Often, parents, having seen a certain reaction (on the body or in the baby's feces) to artificial feeding in a child, draw the wrong conclusions (they assume that allergies are to blame). However, the signs that often accompany allergic reactions can mean something else. For example, frequent stomach cramps, disorders or constipation, rashes may indicate:

• carbohydrate intolerance;
• poor protein tolerance;
• about malabsorption of fats, etc.

Therefore, if you find these signs, the best option is to see a doctor. If they are really the result of an allergy, then the doctor will advise you to change the classic mixture used for a special one.

3 rules for the correct choice of mixtures from Komarovsky

In order to avoid questions about why artificial feeding of newborns causes constipation, disorders and other troubles, you need to follow simple rules. And choose the right food. So, children's doctor Komarovsky recommends buying only those mixtures that will then be easy to find in your country, city. Choose the products that are in abundance in your stores.

In addition, the packages of mixtures not only list the dosage and preparation instructions, but also have a formula feeding table indicating the weight and age of the child.

Finally, don't buy special formulas for healthy babies without a good reason!

Mixes for children of different ages: how to choose?

Most formulas are numbered according to different ages. So, mixtures with No. 1 are intended for artificial babies from the first days of life and up to 6 months. For example, if the basis of your child's nutrition is artificial feeding (4 months old for a child), then Nutrilon-1, Hipp-1, NAN-1 and others will suit you.

Formulas with #2 are intended for children from 6 to 12 months. Mixes No. 3 - for toddlers older than a year. In addition, if the dry mix No. 1 you use suited your artificial, then No. 2 and No. 3 for reliability, it is better to buy exactly the same brand as the first time.

What to look for when choosing a mix?

When choosing baby food, be sure to look at its composition. In particular, it is recommended to emphasize the advice of your doctor. For example, if, in his opinion, your baby lacks protein, then you need to ask the seller what kind of protein is contained in the mixture. In this case, it is worth giving preference to the whey protein fraction.

Look at the fat content. If the child is underweight, it is better to choose a diet with a large amount of fatty compounds. Conversely, if the weight is excessive for his age, choose with less. Also look at the amount of carbohydrates, iron, trace elements. And most importantly, the expiration date.

Feeding regimen: how to follow?

For your convenience, it makes sense to follow a certain artificial feeding regimen. So, the approximate number of feedings per day should not exceed 6-7. Feeding can be carried out with a break of 3-3.5 hours (with a possible deviation of 30-40 minutes). It also makes sense to feed children on demand.

How much formula should a child eat?

The needs of each artist are individual. However, many mothers prefer to calculate the volume of a serving using certain formulas. For example, babies under the age of 1 week are recommended to use up to 50-100 ml at a time (an approximate formula for calculating: multiply the number of days from birth by 10).

Starting from the second week of life, the number of milliliters per day is calculated by the formula: the ratio of the baby's body weight to 5. For example, if the child weighs 3750 g, then dividing this number by 5, we get a daily volume of 750 ml. After that, we find out the size of one feeding: 750/7 (where 7 is the number of feedings per day). We get 107 ml. You can make something like this conditional table:

Some formula jars come with a measuring spoon for convenience.

Artificial feeding: menu

In order to know when and how much your child has eaten, Dr. Komarovsky recommends keeping a specific diary. There you need to record the date and time of the meal, the number of feedings, the size of one serving, the daily allowance, etc.

Thus, it will be convenient for you to control the feeding order and analyze it. In the future, you can see the nutritional history of your little one.

Can several mixtures be used at the same time?

Multiple mixes can be used at the same time. The main condition is the individual tolerance of the child. It is also ideal to use different types of mixtures from the same manufacturer.

Are there any rules for formula training a baby?

If a baby uses the mixture from the first days of life, then with his getting used to it there will be practically no complications. In this case, there are no specific requirements. As a rule, right in the hospital, doctors will help a young mother choose the right baby food. But what about a baby who, from the moment of his birth, was fed naturally, and then, for some reason, was forced to switch to artificial feeding?

The transition to such a diet should be done gradually. For example, you can start by adding one serving of formula to breastfeeding (with the prospect of replacing one feeding completely). After a couple of weeks, it makes sense to give the child two servings of the mixture, gradually increasing the number of replacements.

Do not forget to follow the instructions, consider the recommended dosage, temperature and storage rules.

What should be the feeding environment?

When bottle-feeding babies, the mother has to follow certain rules of behavior. For example, she should:

• heat the milk mixture to 36-37º;
• calm down;
• choose a quiet place;
• take a comfortable position for both her and the child;
• look into the baby's eyes, talk to him and smile.

The most common feeding myths

Formula feeding is always associated with certain myths, many of which have nothing to do with reality. For example, there is an opinion that the best mixture is the one that costs more. It is incorrect, because even among the products of popular brands you can find fakes. At the same time, the best baby food will be the one that does not harm and is completely suitable for your children (according to their age, weight, needs).

Another popular myth is that artificial babies gain more weight than babies. This is not true, since with the correct adjustment of the daily norm of the mixture for the baby and tracking his physical development, excess weight gain is not observed.

The third myth is related to the fact that a bottle-fed baby often does not eat enough. Not certainly in that way. The fact is that while eating with natural feeding, the child makes a lot of effort (in about 10-15 minutes he eats up). Conversely, if there is a large hole in the nipple on the bottle, the baby copes with food in 2-3 minutes. Consequently, during this time he does not have time to feel a sense of fullness and begins to ask for more. Sympathetic parents give him a supplement, as a result of which the child has overeating, colic, etc.

The fourth myth is related to sterilization. According to some mothers, without fail, all bottles must be sterilized before pouring the finished nutrient mixture into it. This is not true. As practice shows, it is enough to simply thoroughly wash the bottle with running water and soap. Excessive sterility can lead to allergic reactions in children.

Why does the child eat little?

Sometimes artificial children eat less formula than their mother pre-calculated for them. According to many doctors, this is not a problem. You can pay attention to this only if the children look lethargic, pale, often refuse to eat and get irritated, do not gain weight, do not grow. Healthy babies, whose food is normally digested, eat little.

What to do with the formula that the child has not finished eating?

If your baby has not finished the formula you prepared, it is not recommended to leave it in the refrigerator until the next feeding. The fact is that the storage of fermented milk products of such a plan is always associated with a certain risk (infection with Escherichia coli). Therefore, it is better to simply pour the remaining mixture. For the same reason, you should not prepare food for the child in advance.

Why does the baby refuse formula?

Not all children immediately get used to artificial mixtures. Some people ignore them for a very long time. In this case, there is no need to despair. We advise you to simply increase the time interval between feedings. As practice shows, a hungry baby will not refuse food.

When should a baby be switched to a new formula?

It is only recommended to change your artificial mix from one mixture to another as a last resort. For example, there was such a phenomenon as green stools on artificial feeding, rashes, frequent vomiting, indigestion, etc. appeared. In any case, all these issues are discussed with the pediatrician.

When to introduce artificial foods?

All infant formulas are formulated to meet the established standards of the international healthcare system. They contain almost all useful elements necessary for the normal life of children. Therefore, there is no difference between the introduction of complementary foods for infants and babies of refuseniks and artificial ones. Complementary foods for both should be introduced no earlier than six months.

Is it possible to cook porridge with the mixture?

In addition to the standard use, milk mixture can be used as a base for any porridge. For example, you can cook buckwheat, rice or oatmeal in plain water. After it has cooled down, you need to add baby food (1.5 tablespoons of the mixture per 100 g of finished porridge). This porridge is easy to digest. It is very nutritious and satisfies hunger for a long time.

What is the best water to use?

Boiled water is best for mixing. At the same time, it can be, at the request of the parents, both mineral and purchased (for bottling), and also tap water. The latter is recommended to boil longer than mineral and purified.

What to do with an open can of formula?

If baby food has been left open for more than two weeks, the jar must be discarded to avoid health problems.

When can milk be substituted for formula?

Sometimes parents are in a hurry and try to replace powdered formulas with animal milk (cow or goat). But such a decision is not always justified. Almost all experts agree in one opinion: the later it is done, the better. The fact is that cow's milk contains a lot of phosphorus and calcium, the amount of which is 6 times higher than their content in breast milk. And in goat - 9 times. The kidneys of young children cannot process this amount. That is why you can give your baby milk after 3 years.

What should I pay attention to when feeding?

When a new mixture is bought for an artificial person, it is recommended to observe the reaction of his body to it for some time. To do this, inspect his body more often for inflammation and rashes. Pay attention to behavior: whether the baby is upset, irritable, or, conversely, lethargic. Look at the stool: its color, smell, texture and frequency.

A healthy baby should have a bowel movement at least once a day. The chair should not be rare or contain bloody lumps (this indicates dysbacteriosis). Its color should not radically differ from the standard. For example, green stools can indicate the reaction of the body when switching from one mixture to another, or an excessive content of iron in food. Check your child's temperature.

What are the advantages of artificial nutrition?

Artificial feeding of children before and after a year has a number of advantages. So, using a bottle with ready-made milk suspension makes it possible to feed the baby to any member of the family. In this case, the mother acquires partial freedom.

Formula milk solves the problem of meeting the nutritional needs of twins and triplets, as it is sometimes difficult for a mother of this family to feed two or three screaming lumps at the same time.

Bottle food teaches children to a certain routine. And, of course, when formula feeding, it is much easier to control the portion size, the amount of water added, etc.

In conclusion, the best food for a baby is breast milk. The best mixture is considered to be the one that is selected with the participation of a pediatrician on an individual basis.

The best food for an infant is mother's milk, but for medical reasons or because of its shortage, the most complete replacement is required. Among the variety of industrial mixtures, it is difficult for mothers to find a suitable option. Making the right choice will help a thorough study of the characteristics of nutrition for babies.

The composition of the infant formula

The manufacturers of the described products failed to completely repeat the formula. Mixtures for newborns and infants older than six months are substances that are close in composition to natural biological fluid. Depending on the age, physiological characteristics and needs of the baby, they may contain the following components:

• cow's or goat's milk protein;
• nucleotides;
• pre- and ;
• fatty acids;
• lactose;
• taurine;
• vegetable oils;
• micro and macro elements;
• vitamins;
• rice starch or locust bean gum.

Hypoallergenic infant formula

This type of pre-mixed liquid, concentrate or powder is intended for infants who are prone to negative immune responses to various stimuli. Cow's milk protein often provokes allergies, so the infant formulas in question contain it in a hydrolyzed (partially digested) form. The irritant molecules after chemical treatment are so small that they do not affect the immune system.

Manufacturers offer products with several levels of protein digestion. The choice of a particular product should be based on the severity and frequency of immune reactions, recommendations of the pediatrician. There are hypoallergenic mixtures for newborns that do not contain an irritating ingredient at all. They are based on adapted or soy. It is not recommended to purchase such food on your own, it must be prescribed by a doctor.

Quality products:

• NAN H.A.;
• Nutrilon Hypoallergenic;
• Nestle Alfare;
• Humana HA;
• Nutramigen.

Sour-milk mixture

The described type of composition is used temporarily and only on the recommendation of specialists. It contains pre- and probiotics, which ensure the normalization of the balance of intestinal microflora. Fermented milk formula for newborns and infants over 6 months is needed for the following problems:

• indigestion;
• previous use of antibiotics;
• previous intestinal infections;
• frequent;
• severe flatulence;
• diarrhea and similar pathologies.

Good formulations with pre- and probiotics:

• Baby Sour Milk;
• Agusha "Comfortable digestion";
• NAN Sour milk;
• Gallia Lactofidus;
• Nutrilon Sour milk.

The type of food shown is suitable for babies with normal digestion and not suffering from allergies or intolerances to any substances. The considered type of products is classified into 3 large groups in accordance with their composition and key components:

1. Adapted infant formulas. Manufactured from processed cow's milk whey with the addition of lactose and other important ingredients. This product is as close as possible to natural biological fluid.
2. Partially or less adapted mixtures. These formulations are made from casein, a cow's milk protein with minimal processing. They are more difficult to digest by the child's body, therefore they are recommended for organizing the nutrition of babies 6 months and older.
3. Non-adapted infant formulas. Presented form of powders is based on raw milk powder (cow). Pediatricians advise them to introduce crumbs into the diet closer to 1 year, when the functions of his digestive system stabilize.

• Heinz Infanta;
• Enfamil;
• Nutrilon;
• Nutrilak.

Goat Milk Infant Formula

Some babies have negative immune responses even with hypoallergenic formulas. In such cases, intolerance to a special protein that is part of the structure of cow's milk, alpha-S1 casein, is suspected. Breaking down the molecule will not help with allergy symptoms and digestive issues. Infants with this pathology require infant formula based on hydrolyzed goat milk with a predominance of whey proteins. It does not contain alpha-S1 casein, so it does not provoke rashes, diarrhea, redness and peeling of the skin.

Goat milk formulations:

• Kabrita;
• Mamaq;
• Bonavi;
• Nanny;

Vegetable fats are added to infant formulas to provide valuable nutrients to the body. Infant formula mainly includes the following oils:

• corn;
• rapeseed;
• sunflower;
• coconut;
• palm.

The last type of vegetable fat is considered a controversial ingredient due to its effect on metabolic processes. There is evidence that the indicated type of oil causes:

• constipation;
• impaired calcium absorption;
• change in stool consistency (fatty feces).

All of the above facts are true, but only for pure palm oil. Mixtures for babies do not contain it, separate acids are added to them - oleic and palmitic. Thanks to this, the nutritional composition is as close as possible to mother's milk. It is not only not dangerous, but also contributes to the normal growth and full development of the crumbs more than infant formula without palm oil. It is easy to check the quality of products if you pay attention to the label. It should indicate that the described ingredient is added in a modified form.

Powders without added palm oil:

• Similac;
• Baby;
• Nutrilak;
• Materna;
• Nestogen.

Which formula should I choose for my baby?

On the shelves of pharmacies and shops there is a huge number of described goods of domestic and foreign production, among which it is easy to get lost. Focusing on cost as an indicator of quality is a mistake. The rating of infant formula shows that often cheap products are better than expensive ones. It is important for parents to study the composition of nutrition and the degree of its compliance with the age and needs of the baby.

The described group of early meals for all manufacturers is marked with the number "1" on the package. Infant formula from 0 to 6 months should be as adapted for babies as possible, close in chemical content to natural breast milk (unless there are other medical recommendations). It is desirable that the product does not include rapeseed and sunflower oil.

1. Nutrilon from Nutricia. Produced in Holland, enriched with nucleotides, polyunsaturated fatty acids, prebiotics, vitamins and minerals. This is the best formula for newborns, but expensive.
2. Malyutka (producers - Russia and Ukraine). A very popular product due to its excellent quality and low price. The mixture is maximally adapted for infants aged 0-6 months, is well absorbed and is similar in composition to breast milk.
3. Similac from Abbott. Produced in Denmark, contains prebiotics, iodine, taurine and lactose. The product has a beneficial effect on digestion, prevents colic and reduces gas formation.
4. NAN from Nestle. Swiss blend, but subsidiaries may be located in any country. Such nutrition contains a complex of valuable vitamins and microelements, therefore, it strengthens the immunity of the crumbs and helps the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.
5. Nestogen, also produced by Nestle. Blended with prebiotics to help with digestion and avoid problems such as flatulence, excess regurgitation, constipation or diarrhea.

• Nutrilak;
• Nanny;
• Kabrita;
• Alfare.

Formula for children from 6 months

After six months, babies digest cow's milk more easily, their diet may contain partially hydrolyzed proteins. Such infant formulas are marked with the number "2" on the package. They are less saturated with vitamins and minerals, pre- and probiotics, because the introduction of complementary foods begins from 6 months. Rating to determine which infant formula is best at a given age:

• Nutrilon;
• Materna;
• Nuppi;
• Similac;
• Baby;
• Nestogen;
• Semper;
• Agusha;
• Enfamil.

Which formula should a baby choose after one year?

A child older than 12 months digests milk protein well, but is not yet ready for a natural product, either cow or goat. Baby dry mixes, concentrates or ready-made liquids for one-year-old babies are marked with the number "3" on the label. They are included in the group of partially or non-adapted nutrition, may include dried processed milk. List of mixtures recommended by pediatricians:

• Nutrilak;
• Baby;
• Peptamen;
• Kabrita.

Which formula should I choose for premature babies?

Prematurely born baby needs food with increased energy value and increased concentration of vitamins, micro and macro elements. What mixture to choose for a newborn should be advised by a pediatrician. This type of product is marked with the number "0" or the letters "pre", "pre" in the name. The best formula for premature babies can be selected from the following list:

• Aptamil;
• Nutrilon;
• Similac;
• Nutrilak.

If a ready-made liquid is purchased, it only needs to be preheated and offered to the baby. Dry and concentrated infant formula from 0 months and older should be diluted with clean (filtered or purchased) boiled water. Parents must remember and follow the following rules:

1. Strictly follow the proportions recommended on the packaging by the manufacturer.
2. Carefully monitor hygiene.
3. Warm formula to baby's body temperature (36-37 degrees).
4. Do not mix products from different manufacturers.
5. Monitor expiration dates and storage conditions.
6. Do not heat the solution in a microwave oven.
7. Wait for bubbles to rise after shaking.
8. Only give freshly prepared food to an infant.

How do I formula feed my newborn?

Getting food is the moment of unity between the baby and mother, establishing a close emotional connection, even if the baby does not eat from the chest. In the process, it is important to follow these recommendations:

1. Position the baby identically to breastfeeding, hug and stroke.
2. The head should be slightly higher than the rest of the body, in line with the spine.
3. The oblong part of the nipple is completely captured by the baby's mouth.
4. Make sure that the baby does not swallow air and is not in a hurry.
5. Take breaks during feeding, take the baby in your arms and hold it in a "column", helping to burp.

How much formula a newborn should eat depends on their weight. The daily amount of nutrient fluid is 1/5-1/6 of the baby's body weight. You can also calculate a more accurate volume of the solution (for 24 hours) in accordance with the age of the baby:

• up to 4 days - 200-300 ml;
• week - 400 ml;
• from 14 days - 500 ml;
• from 1 month - 600 ml;
• after 8 weeks - 700 ml;
• from 3 months - 800 ml;
• from 16 weeks - 900 ml;
• after six months - 1 liter.

Until what age should I formula feed my baby?

Some parents stop giving babies special foods at 12 months and offer them whole milk. This is the wrong tactic, children's adapted mixtures are absorbed better and much more useful than a natural product. They provide the baby with valuable minerals and vitamins, support immunity and correct digestion. Cow's or goat's milk are strong allergens and overload the gastrointestinal tract due to their high fat content. Pediatricians advise to abandon these products until the baby grows up.

Experts do not indicate a clear time frame for up to what age a child should be fed formula. You can exclude it from the diet after a year, but as a recommendation, doctors suggest continuing to give the baby a nutrient solution until he himself refuses. It is advisable to diversify the baby's menu with milk formula even at 2-3 years old, especially if there are problems with the digestive system, a tendency to constipation or diarrhea.

Lyudmila Sergeevna Sokolova

Reading time: 4 minutes

A BUT

Last update of the article: 05/02/2019

The most ideal food for a newborn baby is breast milk, which contains all the microelements, vitamins, minerals necessary for excellent growth and formation of all organs of the child.

Breastfeeding can provide full mental development, has a positive effect on the nervous system, strengthens natural immunity.

Reasons for artificial feeding

Sometimes there are reasons why it is impossible to continue breastfeeding: insufficient weight gain of the newborn, the inevitability of taking medications that are contraindicated during breastfeeding. In this case, the child is transferred to artificial or mixed feeding. Before choosing food for a newborn, you should consult a pediatrician, and not rely on reviews from friends or information from the Internet.

Only a specialist will be able to prescribe the best mixture for your child, taking into account the individual characteristics of the organism, the state of health, and the physical development of the crumbs.

Baby food must be replaced if:

1. the product causes an allergic reaction: rash, skin redness;
2. problems with stools: rapid, with white particles of the mixture;
3. the baby has restless behavior during wakefulness and even sleep;
4. insufficient or excessive weight gain.

Any of these symptoms may indicate that the product is not suitable for your baby. To make the right diet for a newborn, you need to contact a nutritionist.

Rules for the transition to artificial feeding

When switching to artificial feeding, the following rules should be considered: stabilizers

Mother's milk substitute should contain taurine (responsible for the formation of the brain), carnitine (promotes better fat metabolism), linoleic acid (helps prevent inflammation).

The baby food market is saturated with a huge range of milk substitutes for newborns.

What are breast milk analogues

There are the following types of breast milk analogues:

1. According to the degree of proximity (adaptation) to breast milk: adapted and partially adapted. In terms of structure, the first ones are as close as possible to mother's milk. In an adapted mixture, the proportion of whey and casein, unsaturated and saturated fatty acids, vitamins and minerals is optimal. For newborns, it is not recommended to use partially adapted mixtures, their composition is less balanced and contains components such as sucrose, starch and lactose.
2. According to the consistency of the mixture are divided into dry and liquid. Their difference lies in the fact that liquid ones are already ready for use, and dry ones should be diluted with boiled purified water. In addition, during the production of dry mixes, some useful qualities of a number of components are lost. But still they are very popular among parents for the following reasons: practicality of storage, ease of dosage, variety of choices for every taste.
3. Depending on the presence of starter cultures in the recipe, they are sour-milk (acidophilic) and unleavened. Fermented milk mixtures are created on the basis of various starter cultures - bifidobacteria, kefir fungus. In the first weeks of life, a fresh mixture is recommended, and then it is necessary to combine acidophilic and fresh in equal proportions for better digestion of the baby.
4. Depending on the state of health of the baby, the characteristics of the individual, physiological (ordinary) and therapeutic (specialized) mixtures are distinguished. Ordinary ones are used for feeding children who do not have allergic reactions, problems with the tummy and weight gain.

Categories of breast milk substitutes

Specialized milk substitutes can be divided into the following categories:

• Lactose-free or low-lactose are used for children with an extremely rare congenital disease - lactase deficiency, in other words, intolerance to dairy products.
• Mixtures for the prevention of frequent regurgitation syndromes (antireflux), with a child's tendency to constipation, intestinal colic.
• In case of dysbacteriosis, stool disorders, intestinal infections, products with bifidobacteria are recommended for use.
• Premature and low birth weight infants are fed with an immature digestive system and minimal nutrient reserves. All the necessary trace elements are supplied in full with a minimum load on the immature body of the newborn.

To solve the problem for parents, “what is the best food for newborns”, experts have conducted the necessary research in this area and compiled a rating of the best infant formula.

Nutrilon

The manufacturer is Nutricia, a company from Holland. The mixture is hypoallergenic, contains all the trace elements and vitamins necessary for the growth and development of the child. Products of this brand are provided in a wide range, taking into account the age of the child. Particular attention should be paid to a special series, thanks to which crumbs with congenital pathologies restore their strength and overcome their illness more productively.

A worthy second place is occupied by a mixture of Nan

Manufacturer Nestle - Switzerland. The assortment range is presented for all ages for healthy children, as well as with moderate disorders of the digestive system. There is a series of hypoallergenic mixtures. The composition of nutrition includes the optimal content of protein components, there is a unique protein complex that helps to reduce the metabolic load, normal growth and development of the baby. The ratio of whey proteins to casein is as close as possible to breast milk, which is important in the first year of a child's life. Prebitoics are represented by lactobacilli, which contributes to the normalization of the digestive tract.

Bronze of the rating goes to Nestozhen trademark

Produced by Nestle. Nestogen - partially adapted mixture, the amount of proteins is greater than in human milk, which increases the time of splitting and digestion in the child's body. The composition contains prebiotics - dietary fiber. There are many conflicting reviews on the advantages and disadvantages of the Nestozhen mixture. Many indicate the occurrence of food allergies after using this product. The composition of the mixture includes sucrose, which improves its taste, but is undesirable for a growing organism.

In fourth place is Nutrilak baby food

Nutrilak is produced in Russia. Baby food has an improved fat composition - there is no palm and rapeseed oil, mineral composition, enriched with important nutrients, prebiotics. All series of this brand do not contain sucrose. The main goal in product development was the creation of specialized nutrition to eliminate and prevent digestive problems in children of the first year of life.

In fifth place, there is a mixture of Humana

The manufacturer is the German company DMK. The manufacturer checks the quality of products by independent laboratories, third-party experts. This mixture is one of the best in terms of mineral, vitamin composition, enriched with prebiotics. The composition of the mixture includes omega-3 and omega-6 fats, which are responsible for the mental development and improvement of the child's memory.

The sixth position is taken by Hipp with the trademark of the same name

The company's production facilities are located not only in Germany, but also in Austria, Croatia, Switzerland and Hungary. The manufacturer conducts a thorough quality check of the goods on many indicators and levels (from checking the quality of raw materials to the finished product), which guarantees product safety. This mixture is considered as close as possible in taste to breast milk, with an optimal ratio of iron and zinc, iron and copper. However, starch was found in the mixture, which affects the poor absorption of crumbs by the body.

Wynn Bill Dann mix under the trademark Agusha

Mixtures are recommended from a later age of six months. Baby food is provided in a wide range (liquid, dry; fresh, sour-milk), taking into account the developmental characteristics of the child's body. The disadvantages include: sugary sweetness and an impractical measuring spoon.

On the eighth line of the rating is a mixture of Similac

The manufacturer is the Spanish company Abbot. The main disadvantage is that the mixture does not contain enough whey protein and phosphorus, which impairs calcium absorption. The product is prepared on the basis of skimmed milk, contains prebiotics, a complex of vitamins and minerals. The presence of fatty omega-3 and omega-6 acids has a healing effect on the development of the cells of the brain and retina of the crumbs. The composition does not contain palm oil, which has a positive effect on the digestive process.

The penultimate place belongs to the domestic milk formula Malyutka

This is one of the most popular mixtures, because the quality is not inferior to foreign analogues, and the price is much lower. It contains only natural ingredients (without dyes, flavors, gluten and preservatives), the necessary complex of vitamins and minerals. The mixture complies with safety standards and is well absorbed by the child's body.

On the final line - a mixture of Friso companies from the Netherlands Friesland

This baby food is targeted at premature newborns, babies with low birth weight. A distinctive feature of the product is the presence of five nucleotides in the composition, which are responsible for the growth of the body, the immune-protective function and the stimulation of the development of the digestive system. However, this brand does not meet safety standards, the permissible values ​​\u200b\u200bof pathogenic microorganisms that can adversely affect children's health are exceeded.

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