How long can a baby robin go without food


Wildlife Rehabilitation and Emergency Baby Bird Care


Quick Tips: If you find an orphaned or injured bird, do not try to care for it yourself- it is illegal and you will probably end up killing it, despite your good intentions. Instead, immediately contact a licensed wildlife rehabilitator - find the closest one near you that handles songbirds:Wildlife Rehabilitation Information Center - to find a wildlife rehabber. In the meantime, put it in a shoebox covered lightly with a towel, and keep it warm, and do NOT give it any liquids. A prematurely fledged bird can be put in an artificial nest/birdcage near where the nest was to allow the parents to care for it until it is ready for release.

Jump to: Wildlife Rehabilitators | Locate Rehabber | Orphan Bird | Baby bird on ground that can't fly | Egg found on ground | | Injured Bird | More info

Wildlife Rehabilitators

If you find an ill or injured bird (or other critter), it is crucial to the animal's survival that it be given to a licensed wildlife rehabilitator. It is not legal to keep and care for the animal unless you are a licensed rehabilitator. Under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act, it is illegal to posses a wild native bird (or their nests, eggs or young) without a permit.

To find a rehabber nearest you, see link below. Most states have a Department of Natural Resources/Wildlife website which lists licensed Rehabilitators or phone numbers. Local Audubon chapters, some bird clubs, Wild Bird Centers, Humane Societies, and local animal control officers may have names. Or you can call your local nature center, or a bird specialty store. For ORPHANED BLUEBIRD NESTLINGS only, contact a bluebird society near you to see if they can foster a baby in an existing nest - see list.

Websites to Locate:The Wildlife Rehabilitation Information Center - find a wildlife rehabber

To capture a sick or injured songbird, use a barrier, or try to lure it onto a porch or into a garage with food scattered on the ground, and then throw a T-shirt or pillowcase over it and gently but firmly pick it up through the cloth. (If you use a towel, broken feathers or toenails could get caught in the loops.)

For transportation, put the bird in a small bowl or ventilated shoe box lined with tissue, a paper towel, or a coffee filter, covered with a towel, and keep it warm, away from people and pets. Keep the radio and A/C off, and do not smoke in the vehicle while transporting the bird.

If you have nestboxes in your yard or are a bluebird trail monitor, being prepared for an emergency is important. Some rehabbers have had to close down due to lack of funding, so checking things out before the panic is crucial. Find your closest rehabber now who handles songbirds - before the emergency occurs. See story of Mr. Troyer. If you cannot locate a rehabber who will take the bird, it may be best to just let nature take its course. Not every bird can be saved. See more information about preventing future problems.

By the way, rehabbers that work with songbirds are not funded by the government. Almost all work independently (i.e., are not associated with a large nature center or organization) and must use their own money, time and resources to feed, house and treat the creatures they try to rescue. Some animals cannot be released into the wild, and require long term care. So if you do bring a animal to a rehabber, please consider donating something to them, to help them continue to operate. Money is great. They can also probably use in-kind donations like food - just ask them what they could use and drop it off. It's a great way to make a difference.

More Information:

  • Animal Help Now - Emergency Resource
  • The Wildlife Rehabilitation Information Center - find a wildlife rehabber
  • wildliferehabber.org - locate a rehabber (may not be as up to date as the one above)
  • NWRA (National Wildlife Rehabilitation Association) - see "need help" on top right
  • Clinic for Rehabilitation of Wildlife
  • International Wildlife Rehabilitation Council
  • Migratory Bird Treaty Act, Sialis.org
  • Local, State and National Bluebird Societies

Emergency Baby Bluebird Care- 911!

NEVER give baby songbirds water or liquids - they can inhale it and die. Return the bird to its nest if you can do so safely or get the bird to a licensed wildlife rehabber ASAP.

Tips for interim baby bird care information are provided only as a temporary resource for care until the bird can be delivered to - or picked up by - a trained, licensed wildlife rehabilitator. Read everything below before taking action! Note that these instructions apply to small cavity nesting songbirds (primarily bluebirds) - other types of birds (like hummingbirds, pigeons and doves, or raptors) require different care or handling.

A lot of times what we think is an emergency is not really (e.g., the last bluebird takes a day or two longer to fledge than its' nest mates, but the parents are still caring for it and there is nothing wrong with it.)

Birds of Prey/Birds with Long Pointed Beaks: The instructions below apply to songbirds. Injured raptors (e.g., hawks, owls) and birds with long pointed beaks (e. g., herons) could seriously injure you, so do NOT handle them - call a wildlife rehabber or your State wildlife agency.

Baby birds on the ground that can't fly

If you find nestlings on the ground with little or no feathering, it is best to try to return them to the nest. No human can care for nestlings, and help prepare them for the real world as well as their natural bird parents. Baby animals that become habituated to humans often do not do well when released in the wild - rehabbers know how to avoid this. Their parents are unlikely to reject the babies just because you have touched them. If the nest is in a tall tree, make sure you can return it safely (e.g., use a sturdy ladder that is held by someone else.)

To make an artificial nest: If you can't reach the nest but can see it:

  1. Take a small, shallow basket or a small berry container, or a margarine container with small drainage holes poked in the bottom.
  2. Line it with dry pine needles so the baby is well supported. You don't want their legs to splay, or feet to slip through holes. Also, the edges should not be sharp, as some babies will try to defecate over the edge of the nest to help keep it clean.
  3. Nail it to a tree as close as possible to where you found the baby.
  4. Put the baby inside.
  5. Then observe from a distance to see if the parents come to care for it. They will typically come feed it until it is ready to fledge.

NOTE: An alternative is to put the premature fledgling in a small wire bird cage, like the kind you can buy at any pet store. If it doesn't have a plastic roof, attach a piece of cardboard with zip ties. Hang it up next to the nestbox/tree where the nest was. The parents will typically feed their baby through the bars, and then it can be released as soon as it is ready. (Do not put food/water in the cage, as nestling birds cannot feed themselves, and get moisture from their food/parents. ) Bird parents can take care of their young much better than you can.

NOTE: COLD nestlings must be warmed before they are returned to a nest. Make a temporary nest with a small bowl lined with lots of paper towels or coffee filters so the baby is well supported. Place the nestling inside, cover it lightly with a soft cloth, and place it on a heating pad set on low and put it under half of the artificial nest (so the baby can move away if it gets too warm). Or you can fill a smooth sock with rice and microwave it - it should be warm to the touch but not hot - and put it under a T-shirt of paper towel, and place it under or with the baby. When babies feel warm and are opening their mouths for food, return them to the nest.

A feathered bird with short wings and a short tail found on the ground is probably a fledgling. Parents will continue to care for them, so unless there are obvious injuries, leave the bird alone. If it clearly cannot fly and you are able to drop a T-shirt or pillowcase over it, you can place it in a tree to prevent it from being attacked by cats or dogs. If the bird is calling loudly with no parent responding, observe it for 2 hours before rescuing.

If the young have prematurely fledged from a nestbox (before they are able to fly), stuff a sock in the entrance hole for about 10 minutes after returning them to the nest, so they calm down. Despite that, they may jump out again. More on premature fledging.

Abandoned Nest - Orphaned Songbird

Before attempting to rescue a baby bird, you must make sure it is truly orphaned. Observe a nest you THINK might be abandoned for 2 hours before rescuing. Parents may fly in and out of nest within seconds while feeding. Nestlings can live 24 hours without food. See more on widows/widowers and what to do if one or both parents are gone.

If the bird is clearly orphaned, and does need to be rescued bring it to a licensed wildlife rehabilitator as soon as possible. Some rehabbers are very busy (many mouths to feed, other jobs, etc.) and may not return calls right away.

In the interim:

  • Put the orphaned bird in a small box or bowl lined with a paper towel or coffee filter that can be changed out underneath, cover it lightly with a smooth cloth (this will help it conserve heat and prevent it from becoming even more stressed- darkness calms them down), and keep it warm (e.g., sit the container on a heating pad set on LOW or use a warmed sock filled with rice - see above.)
  • Keep it away from people and pets and avoid handling it, which will stress it out even further.
  • You should not put anything in the baby's mouth. NEVER give baby songbirds water or liquids - they can inhale it and die. Songbird nestlings get their moisture from food (unlike pigeons and doves.)
  • Do not put food or liquid into the container - baby birds do not feed themselves.
  • Never feed anything to an animal that is debilitated or dehydrated - even if it is begging. Food fed to a cold bird can sit in its crop and ferment because their digestive system is shutting down. They need to be re-hydrated using a special solution, by a licensed wildlife rehabber.
  • It is best not to feed the bird - as noted above, they can go 24 hours without eating. Each type of bird has different dietary requirements. Most songbird nestlings eat insects, but some like House Finches don't.
    • If for some reason you are unable to immediately find a wildlife rehabber that takes songbirds, you can feed bluebirds or other insect eaters for a day or two with some chopped mealworms (usually available at pet stores) or other insects (flies, crickets, grasshoppers, moths), supplemented with some chopped cooked (cooled to room temperature) egg whites (no yolk), ideally dusted with some crushed Calcium Citrate.
      • Use a pair of tweezers to put the food into the babies mouth.
    • Never feed earthworms to baby bluebirds - it can make them very sick or kill them.
    • Avoid waxworms as they are big and could cause choking if fed to small birds, and are hard to cut up (they turn into a slimy mess.)
  • SOMETIMES it is possible to "foster" an orphaned bird into an active nest if it is the same species (e.g., a bluebird nestling in a bluebird nest), and the birds are the same age (or the orphan is a day or two older) - see more info.
  • I'll say it again - get any orphaned or injured wild bird to a licensed wildlife rehabber as soon as you possibly can. Do not attempt to raise a wild baby bird. Many are killed by good intentions and might have survived if brought to a trained professional. Under no circumstances try to make a pet out of a wild native bird.
Injured Songbird

Window Strike: If the bird does not recover in a few moments and is motionless, put an upside down box or colander over it, or place it in a small box with a lid, or a grocery bag that has been folded closed. Put the container in a warm, quiet location. Do not attempt to force the bird to eat or drink. Avoid handling the bird. Release it outside as soon as it is alert and active (usually within an hour.) If the bird is seriously injured or does not recover in a few hours, contact a local wildlife rehabilitator.

Cat Attack: Any bird handled by a cat (the bird may have missing or matted feathers) or dog should be immediately taken to a licensed wildlife rehabber so it can receive antibiotics, even if the skin is not broken. Unfortunately, many do not survive, because cats and dog's mouths are teaming with bacteria. Read more about preventing future cat attacks.

Other Injury: If it is a songbird, put the injured bird in a small box or bowl lined with a paper towel or coffee filter that can be changed out underneath (loops in a cloth towel can catch the birds' feet), cover it lightly with a cloth (this will help it conserve heat and prevent it from becoming even more stressed- darkness calms them down), and keep it warm (e.g., sit the container on a heating pad set on LOW. Immediately contact a wildlife rehabber who handles songbirds so they can attempt to save the bird.

If you don't hear back from the rehabber within two hours, and the bird can stand, you can put a small, stable, shallow container like a baby food jar lid with plain water in it with an adult bird. Songbirds don't need much water. Check periodically to make sure the bird has not dumped the water and gotten its feathers wet. Remove liquids at night - a night with wet feathers could kill an already weakened bird.

If you find an egg on the ground, it is unbroken and you know where the nest is and can safely reach it, you can try to gently place it back in the nest (eggs are very fragile. ) Broken eggs will not hatched. If eggs are abandoned in a nest, it is not feasible to attempt to incubate them on your own. They must be maintained at an exact temperature, turned constantly, and even if the young did hatch (which is unlikely) they would have to be fed every 15-60 minutes with a specialized diet. See more info. (It is also illegal, see above.) If possible, the parents will re-start a nest elsewhere.

Note: sometimes House Sparrows, House Wrens and other birds throw other birds' eggs out of nestboxes.

References and More Information:

  • Emergency Bird Care and FAQs Garden Web resource
  • The Bluebird Nut Emergencies 911
  • A Guide to Assisting Wildlife Babies: What to Do When You Find Them
  • Migratory Bird Treaty Act, Sialis.org
  • What do to if a parent is lost (widows/widowers)
  • I found an egg - can I hatch it?
  • Premature Fledging
  • Widows, Widowers and Orphans
  • Preventing window strikes
  • Preventing cat attacks
  • Preventing premature fledging
  • Problem and Predator ID and Solutions
  • Do no harm

Nature is not cruel, pitiless, indifferent. This is one of the hardest lessons for humans to learn. We cannot admit that things might be neither good nor evil, neither cruel nor kind, but simply callous -- indifferent to all suffering, lacking all purpose.
- Richard Dawkins British ethologist, geneticist, & popularizer of genetics (1941 - )


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How Long Can a Baby Bird Go Without Food or Water? (Explained)

Birdwatching / September 19, 2021 October 15, 2022

Baby birds are mostly helpless without the care of their parents, but they can survive for some time on their own. Still, they can only go without food or water for so long.

A baby bird can go without food or water for as long as 24 hours, but the parents will typically feed it as often as every 3-4 hours. Most baby birds get their liquid from food and do not drink. Pigeons are an exception. They will drink crop milk from their mothers or formula from rehabilitators.

Table of Contents

How Often Do Baby Birds Need Food?

Birds will feed their babies multiple times a day, every 3-4 hours for new hatchlings, every 5 hours for nestlings, and every 6 hours for fledglings.

Based on its physical features, you can tell whether a bird is a hatchling, nestling, or fledgling.

If a bird has not yet opened its eyes, it is a hatchling. If it has its eyes open but doesn’t have feathers yet, it’s a nestling. If it has both, then it’s a fledgling.

Fledglings are still dependent on their parents but may leave the nest and return.

If a baby bird’s parents die, it can still survive without food for 24 hours. If just one parent dies, the other will take on caring for the young full-time. 

How Often Do Baby Birds Need To Drink?

Songbird nestlings get all of their liquid from food, not from drinking, so they can go as long as 24 hours without hydration.

Pigeon and dove nestlings do drink liquids.

If a rehabilitator rescues a baby pigeon or dove, they’ll feed it the same formula you would give a baby parrot about every two to three hours.

How Do Birds Produce Milk for Their Babies?

Only some birds produce milk for their babies instead of feeding them solid food right away. These include pigeons, doves, flamingos, and emperor penguins.

These birds produce milk in the crop, known as “crop milk,” and they regurgitate it directly into their babies’ mouths.

This is the only food that the hatchlings eat for the first few days of life, and it is very rich in fats and proteins. 

To learn more about milk production in birds, see this article we wrote on the four bird species that feed their young with milk.

When To Rescue a Baby Bird

Before you rescue a baby bird, make sure that it has truly been orphaned.

Watch the nest for at least two hours to ensure that a parent bird isn’t coming for it before you make a judgment. 

It is tempting to take in a baby bird yourself, but the best thing you can do if a bird has truly been orphaned is to bring it to a licensed wildlife rehabilitator.

This is especially true if the bird is a native species in the United States. In these cases, the law prohibits you from taking in the baby bird or birds.

Still, there are guidelines that you can consider if you must care for an orphaned bird.

Following these will increase the likelihood that the bird survives and that you are not penalized for taking in the bird.

Guidelines for Rescuing Baby Birds

Keep in mind these guidelines if you decide to rescue a baby bird:

  • Take the bird to a licensed wildlife rehabilitator as soon as possible. A professional will know how to determine what the bird needs and how to administer care appropriately.
  • Never take in a native species in the United States. These birds are protected by The Migratory Bird Treaty Act, which prohibits the possession of native birds. This act also applies in Mexico, Canada, Japan, and Russia.
  • Never feed a dehydrated or injured bird. If a bird is debilitated or dehydrated, its digestive system will shut down, and any food you give will sit and ferment in the crop. 
  • Don’t give baby birds liquids, including water. They can easily choke on liquids and die. Even birds that drink liquids as babies, like mourning doves, should only be fed by experienced rehabilitators. 
  • Remember that birds of prey are dangerous. Hawks, owls, and other raptors have sharp beaks, and even babies can seriously injure you if you try to take them in.
  • If a featherless bird has fallen from the nest, return it rather than taking it in. A baby bird’s best chance of survival is with its parents, and the idea that touching a baby bird will lead to abandonment is a myth.

How Much Do Baby Birds Eat?

Baby birds eat about 10% of their body weight each time they feed and about 30% of their body weight each day.

For insect-eating birds, this translates to about 720 insects per day.

This is why insect-eating birds like swallows are considered great pest control; just consider how many insects a whole brood of swallows would consume.

And once birds get older, they eat even more. Some adult birds eat as much as 50% of their body weight each day, like adult cardinals.

Others, like hummingbirds, eat as much as 100% of their body weight.

Typically, the smaller the bird, the higher the percentage of its body weight it will eat in a given day. This number will also go up in cold weather. 

Tips for Feeding Baby Birds

Typically, feeding baby birds should be left to the professionals.

However, if you do find yourself in a position where you have to feed a baby bird, you should consider these tips:

  • Make sure you choose appropriate food. Chopped mealworms are a good choice for insect-eating birds; just make sure that you cut them into small enough pieces that the baby birds can process them. Avoid feeding birds earthworms or waxworms, which can make them sick or cause them to choke.
  • Watch the crop to know whether it’s had enough. You can tell that a bird is full by looking at its crop, which sits at the base of the neck. If it is enlarged, it means that there is food in the crop. This should go away after about three or four hours, and if it doesn’t, it’s a sign that something is wrong in the digestive system.
  • If you’re feeding formula, make sure it’s at an appropriate temperature. Baby birds won’t eat formula if it’s too cold, and it can burn them if it’s too hot. Aim for a temperature between 105 °F and 110 °F (40.55 °C and 43.33 °C).
  • Don’t put too much food in the bird’s mouth. If the bird can’t process the food in a few seconds, it’s too much, and they risk breathing it in.
  • Use either a spoon or a syringe to deliver food. Make sure that the head is supported in either case.

Sources

  • VCA Hospitals: Hand-Feeding Baby Birds
  • Sciencing: How Much Seed Do Birds Eat In a Day?  
  • Audubon: Here’s How Much Food Three Different Birds Need to Eat Daily

description of the bird, characteristics and habitat, species

The robin is a small bird of the flycatcher family of the passerine order. It has several names - it is often called a robin, sometimes a dawn or an alder. Malinovka is known for her beautiful voice. Birds live near water bodies in mixed and broad-leaved forests, overgrown parks and gardens. They live in the northwestern part of Africa, on the northern coast of the Mediterranean Sea, in Scandinavia, western Eurasia. The name of the bird was due to its bright sign - an orange speck on the breast.

Bright color is a feature of the robin

Appearance and behavior of the bird

The bird is 15 cm long and has a short sharp beak, black eyes and thin paws. Young robins are pale in color with white and brown spots. Adults look more bright:

  • vertex and dorsum are grey-brown;
  • breast and underside are orange;
  • belly - light grey.

Large black eyes allow birds to navigate through dense vegetation. Females and males do not visually differ from each other. Individuals living in the southern regions have a more saturated plumage color.

Scientists say that robins living in warm countries are less mobile than those living in cold regions.

Bird activity peaks in the morning and before bedtime, but there are exceptions.

You can hear the singing of robins in the spring, when their mating season begins. Unlike nightingales, in which only the male sings, in robins, both the male and the female participate in the trills. The male individual by singing notifies competitors that the territory is occupied, the female one reports that she is looking for a mate.

FUN FACT . The robin is one of the first to sing, just before sunrise. Birds also actively sing at sunset, and sometimes at night.

On the video you can listen to the wonderful singing of the robin.

There are more male robins in nature than females, so not everyone manages to find a mate. Males that have not found a partner do not guard their territory. In addition, single males gather in flocks and live in groups until they start a family.

A male robin that has a pair behaves much more aggressively towards other males and even other types of small birds. The male without much thought attacks the stranger. In such civil strife, about 10% of robins die.

Robins live for about 2-3 years. In captivity or under favorable weather conditions, birds live up to 10 years. Their numbers are negatively affected by cold winters and a reduction in the volume of food supply.

INTERESTING FACT. Robins living in England and Ireland are not at all afraid of people, since no one touches them. Birds can easily be approached at close range.

A robin sits on a branch with berries

Robins love water treatments. In the mornings, on the banks of reservoirs, you can see flocks of birds splashing in the water with pleasure. If there is no pond or river nearby, the birds use drops of morning dew to bathe.

To clean their feathers from parasites, robins fly to the anthill and bathe in it. After that, they go out into the sun and sunbathe. In winter, birds bathe in the snow.

Migratory or settled

In warm regions, the European Robin does not fly south for the winter. Individuals living in cold climates are migratory. For example, the British robin stays wintering in the same place where it lives. However, some females still fly to Italy and Spain. Birds living in Russia and in the Scandinavian countries fly to Western Europe or the British Isles. In Kazakhstan, part of the robin does not fly away, but remains to winter in the area of ​​the Alakol depression. The European robin prefers to settle in spruce forests, while the British robin prefers to settle in gardens and parks. In the Tobolsk region, nesting robins were found in birch groves with dense undergrowth. Attempts have been made to settle the robin in Australia and North America, but they have not been successful.

Most of the robins migrate from the Leningrad Region to Europe for the winter, but winterings of some individuals have been recorded, especially during warm mild winters. So, for example, there was a case when a robin nailed to a flock of sparrows. People fed the birds with bread crumbs, sunflower seeds, and millet. The robin came down with the sparrows to peck at the food. During severe frosts, the robin ate only what fell on a warm sewer manhole. She also tried to taste the mountain ash, but to no avail - the frozen berries did not succumb to her short beak.

FUN FACT . Outside the city, robins try to winter near a non-freezing reservoir or stream. Throughout the day, the birds hide in the bushes, but twice a day they appear near the water and spend about an hour there in search of food. Along the shores, birds find dry seeds of herbs and plants.

What is included in the diet of the robin

The diet of robins consists of various insects, worms, fruits and berries. Sometimes she enjoys hunting snails. In the presence of sufficient lighting, robins continue to hunt for insects at night. With the onset of cold weather, the diet of birds becomes poorer. They switch to plant foods: seeds, crumbs, grains. Sometimes robins follow wild boars in search of food in winter, as they know that animals often dig the ground. It may contain seeds or grains. Robins are not afraid of water and in search of food they fly to the shores of non-freezing lakes.

Robin on the bank of a stream

During nesting in Russia and CIS countries, the diet of the robin consists of 92% of food of animal origin: eggs of aphids, centipedes, weevils and other arthropods. From food of plant origin, raspberry seeds predominate. In early - mid-autumn, insects make up 87% of the bird's menu, the rest is elderberry, blueberry, weed seeds.

If robins live near the dwelling, in the cold season it is worth helping the birds and feeding them. Feeders can be filled with:

  • grated carrots;
  • small plant seeds;
  • millet groats;
  • dried or fresh berries.

Natural enemies

There are many natural enemies of robins - these are owls, falcons. Small predatory animals destroy their nests, eating both eggs and chicks. Also, hungry crows and magpies are not averse to eating eggs. Since robins often run on the ground, here they can become prey for cats. Humans negatively affect the habitat of birds by reducing the area of ​​wild forests.

Reproduction and offspring

The robin can raise 2 offspring per year. If one of them dies, the birds may lay eggs a third time. The female is looking for a partner. She flies into the territory of the male, which usually behaves aggressively. The female begins to sing, the male answers her with frightening sounds. The female flies away from him, and then returns again. She demonstrates humility, trembles, clings to the ground. In the end, the male, feeling a sense of superiority, accepts her into his territory.

A robin's nest with offspring

After fertilization, the female starts building a nest out of twigs, grass and dirt. In it, the bird lays 5-6 green-blue eggs. In the second clutch, the number of eggs may be less. One pair of robins usually covers an area of ​​60-120 m². Sometimes nests of different families are found at a distance of 50 m from each other. Robins are quite conservative and rarely change their habitat. Change of territory is possible in case of ruin of their nests or death of chicks. Then the parents fly away from their usual place and look for a safer nest for the device.

Incubation of eggs lasts 2-3 weeks. During this period, the male feeds the female. Both parents take care of the born chicks. Babies are born completely naked. So that they do not freeze, the female sits in the nest for some time and warms them. Parents actively feed their babies for about 16-20 days. Soon the female makes the next clutch.

Chicks show their first attempts to fly three weeks after birth. After a month, they fully fledge and leave the nest.

INTERESTING FACT. Young robins are very curious and fearless. Sometimes they can run after a person.

There are rare cases of robins capturing the nests of smaller birds along with other people's eggs. For example, a situation was recorded when a pair of robins settled in the nest of a rattlesnake warbler. At first, they incubated their own and others' masonry, but in the end, the parents removed the eggs of the warbler. There were cases when robins could not distinguish other people's eggs from their own, and raised the chicks of other birds. This is actively used by cuckoos. They often lay their eggs on robins. Usually, the cuckoo leaves only 1 egg in one nest, otherwise the caregiver birds will not be able to feed two chicks. In the Zhelezo tract, Leningrad Region, ornithologists observed a robin's nest, where there was a cuckoo. He was younger than the robin chicks, and at first his parents brought him food less often than their chicks. When the cuckoo grew up, the situation changed. The older the foundling became, the more often the robins brought him food.

The activity of caring for the robin's offspring does not depend on the weather: both in rainy and sunny weather, ornithologists observed long and short periods of feeding. During the white nights, the duration of feeding the chicks increased to 19 hours a day. Drizzling rain does not significantly affect bird activity. Only a heavy downpour can become a hindrance.

Unusual robin nests

Robins usually hide their nests under cover, even if they are close to the ground. In villages or city limits, robins may build a nest near human habitation, for example, on the roof of a house or barn. There was a case when a robin's nest was found, which was arranged on an old bag and a coil of wire hanging on the wall of an abandoned house. Ornithologists were surprised that the "house" was in the open. It had a solid base of dry grass and synthetic material, the bowl was made of dry leaves and moss, and the bottom was lined with grass and hair. The nest contained a clutch of 7 eggs.

Robin built a nest in a hollow tree

Rarely, robins settle in artificial plank structures without covers. For example, in the Moscow region, four such nests were found at a height of 3.5-4 m above the ground. The robins liked only houses with an area of ​​about 200 cm² and a wide notch with a diameter of 6-7 cm. All the boxes hung in the forest for about 4-5 years, the boards were darkened from time to time. The following year, the observers decided to hang new boxes of the same size, but the birds did not settle in them. Maybe they didn't like the fresh board designs. There were also cases when robins made a nest in a titmouse-hollow.

How chicks change their plumage

Robin chicks are covered with feathers on average in 12 days. However, its cover is significantly different from the plumage of an adult bird. On the 20th day, flight feathers appear. The helmsmen grow after another 6-7 days. Then the down-feather cover appears in the lower part of the wing. The change of nestling plumage can be divided into five stages:

  • the first includes the renewal of feathers on the chest, then in the center of the back, on the hips, shoulders, neck, wings;
  • the second is characterized by the change of feathers on the head, then on the small upper covert feather lines of the wings;
  • at the third stage, all feathers on the body are replaced, except for the near-eye part; by the end of the molt, the young bird already looks like an adult;
  • the fourth stage includes the change of cover on the periorbital part of the head, the renewal of vibrissae and the stratum corneum of the skin;
  • the fifth stage is the growth of feathers on the abdomen, back, thighs and head of the bird.

When capturing young robins from different broods, ornithologists concluded that the timing of molting of early and late chicks is significantly different. They depend on the length of daylight hours. Nestlings born at the beginning of summer took longer to change plumage than those of later broods. With a reduction in daylight hours, a decrease in the duration of molting was noted, and the change of feathers accelerated.

Cases of polygyny in robins

Although robins are considered monogamous birds, cases of polygyny have been noted by ornithologists in Karelia. Moreover, males and their first females were 1-2 years old, and their second partners were older than 2 years. Scientists examined all the robins that were nearby to understand what caused the polygyny. They found that mating with the second females took place while the first ones were busy incubating the eggs.

Robin Hatching Chicks

Male robins actively feed their chosen ones before mating. Females hatching eggs receive food from males 1 time in 45-60 minutes. At this time, the males have enough time to look after another female. It is also interesting that the first females nested in more convenient places - spruce forests and thorny bushes, while the second ones built nests in pine groves less popular with robins. The second nest was always built at a considerable distance from the first, and habitats for other pairs of robins were often located between them. Since the second females started building nests later than the rest, the scientists concluded that the best places were already occupied by that time. It should be noted that the first females managed to breed two offspring during the season, while the second ones were able to feed only one brood. As for the care of the chicks on the part of the males, their priority was the broods of the first females. They fed the offspring from the second partners much less frequently. The scientists also noted that in the second clutch of the first females there was an average of 1 egg less than in monogamous couples. In addition, the eggs were laid two weeks later than in normal pairs. Usually the second clutch appears in the nest even before the departure of the first chicks from the brood.

Ornithologists have made a logical conclusion that the male does not have time to properly provide food for both females and all offspring. This subsequently reduces the reproductive capacity of both the first female and the second.

Types of robins

Consider what varieties of robins exist. They differ not only in habitat, but also in plumage color.

  1. Javanese - body length 17 cm, weight 20 g. Prefers to build nests near water bodies.
  2. Blue-blue mountain robin - a bird with bright blue plumage, lives in Asia, Indonesia, Africa. The body has a length of 17 cm, weight 19-20 g.
  3. Japanese - inhabits the islands of Japan, the Kuriles and Sakhalin. It has a traditional color, but the back and tail are distinguished by a rich brown tint. The length of her body is 15 cm, weight is 18 g. The male and female are not similar in plumage colors.
  4. Black-throated Robin - distinguished by a black spot in front and red plumage on the back and tail. Lives in forest areas.
  5. The white-tailed mountain robin is a bird with rich blue plumage and white tail feathers. Lives in the Caucasus and Siberia.
The robin living in the Far East is distinguished by the color of its tail

Traditions and legends about the robin

Ancient Celts and Germans associated robins with their gods. The bird was considered the messenger of the Sun, and later the messenger of the storm and thunder god Thor. If a robin made a nest, it was considered a good sign. The destruction of robin nests was a great sin and severely punished.

Over time, robins have become very popular. They were bred as pets by wealthy Europeans and Egyptians. In the 19th century, stamps and postcards depicting the robin became widespread in Europe. At the same time, a legend appeared that the birds tried to save Jesus Christ and extract the thorny thorn from his body. Therefore, on the front of the head and chest, they left a scarlet speck, symbolizing the blood of Christ.

The robin is often mentioned in the works of famous writers and poets, for example, in the lullaby of the Isle of Man "Ushag veg ruy", the novel "Redneck" by Y. Nesbo. There is a whole cycle of paintings about the robin and fabulous creatures by the artist John Anster Fitzgerald. The most famous song about the robin in Russia is the work of VIA "Verasy" "Robins having heard a voice ...".

Keeping the robin at home

Due to its beautiful voice, the robin is often chosen for keeping at home. This bird is unpretentious to food and quickly gets used to the person. The robin will feel quite comfortable in a medium-sized cage made of wood or metal. In order for the bird to please with singing more often, you need to put the cage in a well-lit place, but direct sunlight or drafts should not constantly fall on it. In the warm season, you can keep robins on the balcony. The cage should have several perches, containers for food, drink and bathing. Robins are very fond of taking baths, so the water in the bath will often have to be changed. It would be advisable to pour river sand on the floor of the cage, which the birds will use for proper digestion. Cleaning in the cage should be done every day, and complete disinfection once every 7-10 days.

Well-fed robin near the feeder

In captivity, the robin is fed:

  • mealworms;
  • grated carrots;
  • hemp seeds;
  • porridge;
  • ant eggs.

It is enough to give an adult bird 6-8 worms per day. In autumn and winter, it is useful to feed robins with berries.

Robins do not coexist well with other bird species and do not get along in a large group. It is best if you get a couple of robins. If you organize a nest for them, they can lay eggs and breed. An ordinary small box with a hole is suitable for this. It is desirable that it be made of wood and have a sufficiently large entrance not less than 6 cm in diameter.

INTERESTING FACT. Robins are excellent parents and can even feed other people's chicks, in nature this is used by cuckoos.

How to catch a robin

Bird markets or pet stores sell robins very rarely. To get yourself this bird, you can catch it with a special trap with a slamming door. It is necessary to find a place where robins live, set 2-3 traps with worms or mountain ash and wait for the bird to get there. Robins are very trusting and are not afraid of humans. Noticing the food, the bird will jump on the door and fall into the trap.

Despite high mortality and a large number of enemies, the number of robins remains stable and nothing threatens the species. Active breeding 2-3 times a year and breeding in captivity allow you to save their population. It has about 200 thousand individuals, most of which live in Europe. However, people should think about preserving the habitat of these sociable birds, so as not to put the species on the brink of extinction.

Robin or Robin, how it lives and what it eats

The robin is a small bright bird with a thin voice that sings at dawn and at sunset. That is why it got another name - Zaryanka. She is one of the first to start her song at sunrise. There is another name that was used earlier - Olshanka. The robin belongs to the Flycatcher family , the genus Drozdov, its Latin name is Erithacus rubecula. It is a migratory bird, and its habitat is quite large. She flies to Northwest Africa for the winter. Summer spends in Eurasia, Western Europe is a permanent habitat.

The robin prefers forest areas for living and breeding chicks. But since agriculture began to displace forests, the birds were able to adapt to life in gardens, parks, squares, and even among people's buildings.

The bird prefers moist forest habitats with dense undergrowth, moss-covered stumps or abandoned gardens. It is important that these places are shady, avoids lightened sunny areas.

Bird appearance

Robin is a small bird, comparable in size to a sparrow. The weight of the male is 14-18 g, and the female is slightly larger, her weight is 14-23 g. The bird has long legs, a thin beak, the landing of the body is more horizontal than vertical. The color of female and male individuals differs only partially. The belly, feathers, back and back of the head are gray with different shades; the chest is reddish-brown, as are the neck, flanks, and front of the head. The abdomen is the lightest, closer to white-gray. Males have a more saturated color and along the edge of a red-brown spot, there is still a blue edging.

Old females do not differ much from males in color. The young, which has just hatched, do not yet have a clear outline of the color. They are more variegated in color: a combination of gray with red spots, but by autumn they become similar in color to adults.

Nutrition

Since the robin lives in the undergrowth, on the ground, all food is obtained in the ground cover of the forest or in its lower tier: in the bushes, undergrowth. Nutrition also depends on the habitat in which the bird is located, and on the insects that are found there. The robin prefers protein foods of animal origin, its diet may include: beetles, bugs, larvae, ants; it can also be gastropods, spiders, centipedes. Since this bird arrives early from wintering (even when the snow cover has not melted) and can be delayed with departure until November-December, then at that moment its diet is food of plant origin - it can be seeds, berries.

Features

Courtship

Males are the first to return from wintering, they start singing their songs to attract the attention of the female and mark their territory. The male takes care of the female, pampering her with delicious food, which they eat together. After the female begins to build a nest, the location can be both forest areas, abandoned gardens, and human buildings or bird houses that are in the distance. In a pair, both representatives of the Robin sing, although the female produces fewer sounds than the male.

Raising chicks

These birds make nests on the ground in tall grass or bushes, under overhanging stones, in stumps, in crevices in trees - wherever there is a niche so that they can hide their future chicks. The nest of a bird consists of dry leaves, moss, blades of grass, feathers, possibly wool. The width of the nest is small; if a bird occupies someone else's nest, it reduces it by stretching dry grass, roots, leaves. From above, the nest is securely protected and camouflaged. The clutch on average consists of 5-7 eggs, which are light yellow or pink-white in color with spots ranging from yellow to brown. During the season, the couple manages to lay two clutches of eggs. The male feeds the female while she sits on the eggs. The first laying of the Robin is done from May to June. Chicks hatch from eggs naked, without plumage, and for the first few days of life they need constant maintenance of warmth, which one of the parents must provide to the chicks. On the thirteenth day, the chicks leave the nest, not yet able to fly. During this period, for a week, they are still hiding in the bushes and the male feeds them, and the female builds a nest for the next clutch. At the age of 20 weeks, they become completely independent and can already fly and get their own food.

Function of the robin in nature

First of all, this bird occupies its ecological niche in the food chain. And also her eating habits (insects) can have a beneficial effect on the benefit of a person. If you have such birds nearby, you can attract their attention with bird feeders or by building a bird house somewhere in a secluded area of ​​\u200b\u200byour garden. They will eat insects that live in your garden and are plant pests. They will gladly walk through your freshly dug garden, looking for insects, larvae, worms. In addition, with a strong desire, Malinovka can be taught to eat with his hands, the main thing is to have a lot of patience.

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