How long to feed baby on each side

Why is this important:

a) At the same time, the baby's body is colonized by the same bacteria that live on the body of his mother. This, in combination with HB, is considered an important prevention of allergic diseases.

b) If a newborn is separated from his mother immediately after birth, he becomes vulnerable to aggressive hospital flora, the risk of nosocomial infections increases dramatically.

c) This calms the baby and mother, because they both experience severe stress in childbirth.

d) The baby is more likely to be able to latch on correctly (especially if the birth was completed without medication).

Second , breastfeed within the first hour after delivery. Don't panic if the baby doesn't take the breast right away. Children should eat when they show they are ready, and if the child is in close contact with the mother, she will notice this readiness. The recommended duration of application is at least 20 minutes from each breast.

The baby's first food should be colostrum. Colostrum is the secret of the mammary glands, which is produced during pregnancy and the first 3-5 days after childbirth (before milk arrives). It is a saturated thick liquid from light yellow to orange color. Do not be afraid that there is not enough colostrum. Colostrum is very concentrated, so the baby needs just drops.

Why is it important:

A) Colostrum contains several times more protein than mature milk, especially immunoglobulin A. Immunoglobulins are responsible for protecting the baby from infections and allergens, thanks to special mechanisms they are quickly absorbed in the baby's stomach and intestines.

B) Has laxative properties to help the baby quickly get rid of the original stool - meconium, and also reduces the risk of physiological jaundice in the baby.

C) The mother triggers the oxytocin reflex, which contributes to uterine contraction and faster recovery after childbirth.

Thirdly, the correct position of the baby at the breast and the correct attachment of to the breast. Let's dwell on the key points.

For example, you feed while seated. How to hold a baby:

a) The child's body and head are on the same line.

b) The baby's belly should be turned towards the mother's belly and touch it.

c) The WHOLE body of the child must be supported.

The baby is brought to the breast with the NOSE to the nipple so that it is necessary to reach for the breast. When he opens his mouth wide, we press the baby to ourselves.

If it is not possible to attach the baby well, gently insert the little finger into the corner of the mouth and open the gums, remove the breast.

What does proper attachment look like? The baby's mouth is open wide; lips turned out; his chin touches his mother's breasts; areola capture radius is 2-3 cm from the base of the nipple; except for swallowing, sniffing and even breathing, no other sounds are heard (smacking, etc.); mom is not in pain.

There are many positions for feeding - sitting, lying down, close at hand, relaxed feeding, etc.

Nuance: good breast sucking is affected by the frenulum under the tongue of the baby, ask the pediatrician at the maternity hospital to check it. If it turns out to be short, it is better to cut it immediately.

Fourth, frequent breastfeeding . The term “on demand” is commonly used, which confuses many moms. Many people think that a baby "demands" when it cries. At the same time, crying is the last thing a hungry child decides to do.

Signs of readiness to suckle in a newborn :
Muscles tense in the child, for example, he clenched his fists and flexed his arms at the elbows.
The child rolls, twists and arches his back.
The child makes different sounds.

The child draws his hands to his mouth (even if his eyes are closed, he can suck his own hand).
If the child's hand is close to the face, he turns towards the hand, pokes, opens his mouth.

A newborn in the first 3 months of life may want to kiss 15-25 times a day. After all, his stomach is very small (on the 1st day after birth - 5-7 ml, on the 3rd day - 22-27 ml, on the 7th day - 45-60 ml) and breast milk is quickly absorbed. In addition to receiving nourishment, the child also finds comfort in his mother's breast. Therefore, it is not recommended to feed the baby "according to the regime" - for example, once every 3 hours or to limit his time at the breast - for example, to feed no more than 15 minutes. Night feedings are crucial for successful lactation - thanks to them, the level of prolactin is maintained at the required level.

Why frequent breastfeeding is important:

a) The number of prolactin receptors in the breast increases, which contributes to sufficient milk production in the future.

b) Promotes a more relaxed flow of milk, without pronounced symptoms of engorgement.

c) When feeding “according to the regimen”, there is a high risk that the child will be offended by the mother (after all, they do not immediately respond to his needs) and will behave restlessly at the breast.

Fifth, it is not recommended to give pacifiers to the child.

Why it's important:

a) Soothers artificially delay feeding time, resulting in poor weight gain and decreased milk production.

b) The child finds solace not at the mother's breast, but in a silicone object and may refuse the breast.

c) It spoils the grip of the breast, which leads to cracks, lactostasis.

Sixth, if you need to supplement with expressed milk and/or formula, then avoid the use of bottles.

Why is this important:

A) The baby gets used to a strong and constant flow of milk from the bottle and begins to behave restlessly at the breast, “lazy” to suck.

B) When sucking a bottle and a breast, different muscle groups are used, so the grip on the breast often deteriorates, the child sucks milk poorly, gains weight worse.

Seventh, the joint sleep of mother and child.

It is perfectly normal to sleep with your baby. A child should not be spoiled with attention or held too much in his arms. The more children are held in their arms, the more attention is paid to them, the better they grow. The presence of the mother, her smell, constantly encourages him to suckle the breast more often, which means sucking out more milk.

Western parents are advised to leave their child to "shout out" before going to bed in order to raise an independent child who is used to loneliness and is able to calm himself down. However, modern research shows that in this case, the child's brain is irreparably damaged.

Safe sleep:

• The child should sleep on a clean and hard surface.
• Avoid sleeping with your baby if you are excessively tired.
• Do not leave your baby unattended in an adult bed.
• In cold weather, cover yourself with several layers of thin bed linen instead of one thick layer.
• Pets must not be in bed
• No one should smoke in the room where the baby sleeps.

Now consider some common cases:

• Mother's Rh negative or blood type incompatibility is not a contraindication to breastfeeding. Rh-conflict, blood type conflict or hemolytic disease of the newborn is not a contraindication. Rh antibodies are destroyed in the gastric juice of the newborn. Studies also show that in children with hemolytic disease, HB does not increase the breakdown of erythrocytes, red blood cells.
• The administration of anti-Rh immunoglobulin to prevent Rh conflicts in subsequent pregnancies in an Rh-negative mother is not a contraindication to breastfeeding. Anti-Rhesus immunoglobulin almost does not penetrate into breast milk. Most immunoglobulins are destroyed in the gastric juice of the newborn.
• Is it possible to breastfeed with jaundice?

Even with severe physiological jaundice in children in the first days of life, it is impossible to refuse breastfeeding. Early attachment of the baby to the breast and frequent feedings are an important factor in the prevention of jaundice, since colostrum, having a laxative effect, leads to a faster discharge of meconium (original feces). With insufficient nutrition of a newborn baby, jaundice may be more intense and prolonged due to the thickening of bile. (source - NATIONAL PROGRAM OF OPTIMIZATION OF FEEDING OF CHILDREN OF THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION, p.17).

It is absolutely pointless to give the child water, glucose, activated charcoal, smectite, etc. in such a situation. - from this, the activity of liver enzymes, the function of which is reduced, will not increase. In some cases, it may be necessary to carry out phototherapy with special lamps, which can usually be rented from the hospital home.

• What to do if you are separated from your child?

It is recommended to express at least eight times a day. Whether you can pump something or not, breast stimulation is important to maintain and increase your milk supply.

If there is no joint stay in the maternity hospital, or if the baby was taken to the children's department for some medical reasons - do not hesitate to visit him and feed him there! If your and his condition allows, try to feed the baby only colostrum and then breast milk.

Try not to give supplements from a bottle, but from a spoon, pipette or syringe without a needle.

"Arrival" of milk.

Milk comes on 3-4 days after birth, less often - on 5-7. Your chest becomes hot, heavy, tight. If the mother rarely put the baby to the breast before, then engorgement may occur. At the same time, remember that you can do without pain and rough straining. Act according to the scheme: heat - light massage - removal of swelling from the areola - decant a little - attach the child - cold compress.

"Hard" straining, which is often used in the hospital, leads to severe swelling and worsening of the situation. Alcohol compresses, Vishnevsky ointment, etc. are not recommended.

How to remove swelling from the areola? Use the Pressure Softening technique introduced by international consultant Jean Kotterman.

It is necessary to evenly and gently press on the areola towards the chest and hold the pressure for at least a full minute (up to 2-3 minutes).

How to express properly? Fingers are placed on the border of the areola and white skin. First, the fingers are pressed in the direction of the chest: you seem to grab the milk-filled ducts that lie under the areola, and only then roll over them with your fingers. Important: the fingers do not fidget over the skin, they stand in one place on it.

How do you know if your baby is getting enough milk?

Newborns lose up to 6-10% of their birth weight in the first two days of their lives. This is a physiological norm. Most children regain their weight or begin to put on weight by 5-7 days of life.

• "Wet diaper test" .

Urination rate (per day) for a child up to 10 days old = number of days + 1.

That is, for example, a 2-day-old baby who has enough milk pees 3 times a day.

Babies over 10 days of age should write 12 or more times a day.

These calculations are correct if there is no water addition and no drips.

• Weight kit . The rate of weight gain for babies in the first 6 months of life is from 500 to 2000 g per month.

The set is not calculated from birth weight, but from the minimum (usually this is discharge weight). If the weight gain is less than 150g per week, we advise you to contact the AKEV specialists and the pediatrician.

• An infant should have at least 3-4 bowel movements per day (up to about 3-6 weeks). Then the chair is reduced - up to 1 time per day or less.

All other signs - crying of the baby, little pumping from the breast, no milk leakage, etc. - are not reliable signs of milk sufficiency / lack of milk .

Breastfeeding lifestyle:

• Care: it is recommended to wash the breasts 1-2 times a day while taking a shared shower (just with water, no soap).
• Diet: you should not sit on a "dry ration", the menu should be varied and healthy (without the use of chemical additives), eat according to your appetite. In large quantities, you should not consume whole milk, red vegetables and fruits, exotic fruits. Drink water and tea as needed.
• Sports: Moderate sports can be started as early as 6 weeks postpartum.

Don't worry if not everything was done at the maternity hospital. Feeding can still be improved. After discharge from the hospital, you can ask an experienced breastfeeding mother or breastfeeding specialists from large associations to help you.

Elvira Ibragimova, breastfeeding specialist in Naberezhnye Chelny, Association of Breastfeeding Consultants (AKEV), Republic of Tatarstan ), AKEV consultants: L. Kazakova, Y. Yakovlev, I. Ryukhova, E. Savosina, O. Gutyum, N. Zaslavskaya, M. Gudanova.

Breastfeeding rules

Breastfeeding rules and techniques.

Every woman can breastfeed her baby.

All troubles arise from ignorance of the rules and techniques of feeding.

The first rule is very important - early contact of the mother with the child in the maternity hospital, in the first minutes after birth.

Psychological benefits of breastfeeding.

Breast milk has a positive effect on the formation of the emotional and intellectual sphere, the development of creative abilities.

• emotional connection from both mother and child:
• close, loving relationship between mother and child;
• - emotional satisfaction of mother and child;
• - the child cries less, positive emotions are formed;
• - the mother becomes more affectionate, attachment to the child appears, self-confidence; : - less likely that the child will be abandoned or offended; breast milk also protects against the occurrence of neuroses.
• Development: the child shows the best results of intellectual development and creative abilities at an older age.

No less important is the correct laying of the baby to the breast, because this is a powerful stimulus to provide the right amount of milk - galactopoiesis.

1. The position of the mother during feeding should be comfortable. It is better to feed the baby either from a lying or sitting position.
2. Take the chest in the palm of your hand with 4 fingers from below and 1 from above.
3. Touch the nipple to the baby's lips so that he opens his mouth.
4. The baby should capture not only the nipple, but also the halo.
5. If the mother felt pain in her chest while feeding the baby, this means that the baby did not take the breast correctly. In this case, it is necessary to carefully touch the child's lips with a finger so that he opens his mouth, and not pull it by force. Try to apply to the chest again.
6. Feed the baby on demand. In the first days up to 10-14 times a day. After the formation of lactation (after approximately 2-3 weeks), the regimen is established independently and is 6-7 feedings per day.

7, It is not recommended to take night breaks in feeding.

8. Frequent feeding, including night feeding, contributes to the development of the prolactin and oxytocin reflex.

Produced BEFORE and DURING breastfeeding causes milk to EXTRACT

Sensory suction impulses

• Promotes uterine contractions

9. No additional food other than breast milk should be given to a child under 3-4 months of age.
10. It must be remembered that during the day the baby sucks out different amounts of milk.
11. Negative emotions block the oxytocin reflex, spasm occurs and milk is poorly excreted.
12. What is important is the positive psychological attitude of the mother, the desire to breastfeed her child and the belief that breast milk is the best food for children.
13. It is important to observe the rules of personal hygiene (clean linen, hands, mother's chest).
14. The duration of feeding is currently not limited.

Among the most important factors in the formation of full lactation in the early days are:

• Skin-to-skin contact;
• Early breastfeeding;
• Joint stay of mother and child in a maternity hospital;
• Feeding the baby "on demand";
• Application to both mammary glands;
• Exclusion of pre-lactation feeding and supplementation; • Exclusion of devices imitating mother's breasts (nipples, pacifiers).

There are certain rules to follow with an infant:

- There should not be co-sleeping with an infant!!!
- forbid yourself to take a baby to bed !!!!!!!

- the baby does not belong in a bed with other family members, also do not put him to sleep with each other, in order to avoid harm in a dream;

- do not overheat the baby, there is no need to wrap him in a large amount of clothes;

- no need to swaddle the baby tightly. He should be able to change the position of the head and body in case of lack of air;

- the surface of the bed should be pretty flat, without extra pillows, duvets, blankets. These items can accidentally cut off the oxygen supply to the baby. But even under the weight of your body, it should not fall through, otherwise there is a high probability that the child will get there on his face and strangulation may occur;

- there is no need to put the child to sleep between yourself and the back of the sofa, even if it is soft, so that he is not sandwiched between the fabric and the body of an adult;

- consider measures that will protect your baby from an unexpected fall from your bed.

Feeding technique Bottle feeding

Feeding technique Bottle feeding is not really difficult. However, there are a few feeding rules you should remember to avoid baby tears, food spills, and other problems.

The position taken by the feeder should resemble the natural position of the mother during breastfeeding:

- The child's head should rest on the left arm.

- The nipple that enters the baby's mouth must always be full of milk or formula - otherwise the baby will swallow air which can cause colic.

- The appearance of bubbles in the bottle means that the child is eating incorrectly and you need to help him, change the position, tilt the bottle in a different way.

- Do not leave a child alone with a bottle and do not let the baby sleep with a bottle in his mouth - in both cases, this can lead to choking.

- It is best to feed your baby when he is in your arms - babies feel most secure in their parents' arms.

- Remember that the baby's head should always be slightly higher than his torso.

- Make sure that the baby does not tilt the head too far back or forward - if the head is in the wrong position, it becomes more difficult for the baby to eat, the wrong position of the head can also cause food to enter the respiratory tract.

- When a baby eats from a bottle, he swallows air with nutrition, so he may feel full, despite the fact that he has eaten little.

- Take breaks every 5 minutes during feeding so that the baby has the opportunity to burp.

- After he has let out air and some food, he will feel hungry again.

- In order for the baby to burp, you need to change his position: put the baby's head on your shoulder and support his back with your hands.

- The child must be in an upright or semi-upright position. If the baby does not burp between feedings, the accumulated air will lead to the formation of painful gases.

- The sitting position is the most classic feeding position.

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