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Vintage baby feeding bottles


Vintage Baby Bottle - Etsy.de

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marinni: Vintage baby supplies.

Vintage baby accessories.

Rattles

Allegory of age - an old man in a baby walker. 1563.

Baptism set

In this post, feeding bottles, walkers, rattles, regular pictures of beautiful old baby strollers no longer fit.


The Birth of Mary
c. 1470
Wood, 85 x 109 cm
Alte Pinakothek, Munich

The Birth of Mary (detail)
c. 1470
Wood
Alte Pinakothek, Munich


Master of the Pfullendorf Altar
The Birth of Mary
Wood, 102,8 x 71 cm
Staatsgalerie, Stuttgart


benozzo-gozzoli 1491


The birth of the Virgin by the Master of Marienleben. Showing the detail of the room and the preparation of the bath.


A woman representing Nature gives a baby to a mother; representing man's vulnerable and naked birth. Engraving by P. Galle, 1563.

=============================Birth====== ========== ==================


[Pioneer Birth Scene]
Childbirth
CREATOR: Witkowski, Gustave Joseph, 1844-1923, author
1877

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La pauvre femme en couche'.
Line engraving 1827 By: Ary Scheffer after: Jean-Jacques Frilley
-------------------------------------------------- ----- -------------

--------------------- Drinkers, bottles, cones --- ------------------
from
=====================The Web Childhood Museum====================

C mid to late 1700s, submarine-shaped bottles were very popular until the mid 1800s when they were largely replaced by Siphonia bottles. Early examples were made of earthenware, porcelain and even silver. Early examples were made of ceramic, porcelain, and even silver.

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rubber nipples became available in the 1850s, and prior to that they were made from cloth, suede, parchment and leather.


Teat with tube.


Tortoise bottles appeared around the end of 1800,


Upright bottles (also known as Soxhlet bottles) appeared in 1908
900/900museum_um_files04 Page379. htm

----------------------Bathing and toilet-------------- ------------------


-----------------------

--------------- ------------------------- ----

Folding crib

Baby walker
------------ --------------------

==========================Walkers= ====== =====================


The Christ Child in a walker, reverse of the painting.
Hieronymus Bosch. Christ Child with a Walking-Frame. Reverse of Christ Carrying the Cross. 1485-1490. oil on panel. Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria.

http://www.wga.hu/frames-e.html?/ht ml/b/bosch/1early/13reverse.html
Christ Carrying the Cross. 1485-1490. oil on panel. Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria.

======================================= ======= =======


Allegory of age - an old man in a baby walker.
Ascribed to Girolamo Faccioli
Published by Antonio Salamanca
Allegory of old age: an old man walking with the aid of a child's walking-frame on which sits an hour-glass.
1536


Two mothers with crying babies and one in a walking frame; comparing the human infant's helplessness with the self-sufficiency of newborn animals. Engraving by P. Galle, c. 1563.
after: Philipp Galle


Engraving of walking-stool
18thC
From: Emblems
By: Francis Quarles
child welfare
http://images.wellcome.ac.uk/indexp lus/result.html


Apparatus for teaching a child to walk,
Woodcut 16thC
From: Artzneybuch kostlech fur mancherley krankheit des gartzen Section: "Ein regiment der gesundheit fur die jungen kinder"
Published: Erfurt 1546

--------------------- ---------------

Play-pen
Engraving 16th Century
From: De arte medica infantium libri quatuor
By: Ferrarius, Omnibonus
Published: Marchetti Brescia 1577


ROSSLIN, Eucharius (d. 1526)
E. Rosslin, Hammenbuchlin. Von der Menschen
Empfengnus uund Gebur


Two mothers with crying babies and one in a walking frame; comparing the human infant's helplessness with the self-sufficiency of newborn animals. Engraving by P. Galle, c. 1563.


A babies walking stool or 'go-cart'. Probably 18th century.

========================Some clothes====================


Baptismal attire

---------------------------------------- ---


http://www.webchildhoodmuseum.com/index _files/Page405.htm

============= =========================

--------- ------------Rattles--------- --------------------------
======================================= ========= ================@0007

========================19th century====================== ==============


Emancipation is a caricature.
The age of Iron: Or Man as He Expects to Be
CREATED/PUBLISHED: [New York] : Currier & Ives, 1869.

------------------- --------------------- -------

Nursery.
Creche or day nursery, at Hull House, Chicago
circa 1890


Horse. You can make posts about toys and clothes endlessly, I will try to show the most interesting pictures.

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Vintage rattles-HERE-HERE
Vintage baby carriages-Baby carriages-HERE
Baby costumes of the second half of the 19th century-HERE

------------------------ -

Thanks to:
http://www.webchildhoodmuseum.com/index _files/Page372.htm
http://images.wellcome.ac.uk/
http://faculty.uml.edu/sgallagher/ index _of_images.htm

bottles - frwiki.wiki

baby bottle ( The Baby's Bottle ), painting by American artist Robert Wonno (1858-1933)

Feeding bottle, (from Latin bibere , "to drink") or bottle in Switzerland, is a glassware used for artificial breast feeding. Now it has the form of a graduated bottle (glass or polycarbonate) of reduced capacity, equipped with a nipple (rubber or silicone). Since its invention, the bottle has undergone many improvements, innovations, some unsuccessful (long hoses), others important.

Resume

  • 1 story
    • 1.1 Development of definitions
    • 1.2 From the first pottery in the 17th - th th centuries
      • 1.2.1 Antiquity
      • 1.2.2 Middle Ages
      • 1.2.3 First bottles of
    • 1.3 Mastery in the 18th - th and XIX - th centuries
      • 1.3.1 Tin and tin bottles
      • 1.3.2 Regional ceramics
      • 1.3.3 Quimper 9 crockery0286
      • 1.3.4 Blown glass
    • 1.4 Glass in the 19th - th th century and at the beginning of the 20th - th th century
      • 1.4.1 First brands
      • 1.4.2 Edouard Robert and bottles with long hose
      • 1.4.3 The golden age of the bottle
    • 1.5 From modern bottle sterilizer in XX - m century
      • 1. 5.1 Sterilizer
      • 1.5.2 Screen printing
      • 1.5.3 Screw ring
  • 2 Health
    • 2.1 Sterilization
    • 2.2 Bisphenol A plasticity risk
  • 3 Notes and references
  • 4 applications
    • 4.1 Bibliography
    • 4.2 Related Articles
    • 4.3 Exhibition areas
    • 4.4 External links

History

Biberonde of Regensburg, Germany (c. 1350-800 BC)

Breastfeeding during weaning is a risky time for a baby. In fact, unpasteurized animal milk carries a greater risk of infection than breast milk. A general improvement in nutrition during the Neolithic Revolution promotes the use of animal milk in prehistoric feeding bottles (pottery with this function is attested in children's graves as early as 5000 BC) and leads to an increase in the birth rate.

Many vintage baby bottles (glass or terracotta containers found in many museums and some collections) are not, but rather "breast pumps". The identification of the feeding bottle for these objects, discovered during archaeological excavations, refers to the morphological features of these vases (usually height from 8 to 12 cm , capacity from 70 to 110 ml) and in no way prejudges their function, especially since this difficult to determine. whether these containers are used for the lactation phase or for the weaning phase.

In the Middle Ages, bottle-feeding utensils were rare. Basically, there is a reuse of household items (pots, spoons...) and pierced cow horns can be considered in this respect as the first feeding bottles.

Periods that extend from XVII e to XX - th centuries are characterized by significant changes. Like any historical evolution, these changes occur gradually and the first half of the XX - th century and sees a mix of a wide variety of models.

Evolution of definitions

According to E. Beaugrand, Encyclopedic Dictionary of Medical Sciences , Volume 9, Victor Masson et Fils, Paris, 1868:

“These are what we call vases, which can hold 150 to 200 grams of liquid, terminate in a special nozzle that holds an artificial nipple, and are designed for breastfeeding young babies.
In ancient times and to this day in many rural areas, we simply use a spoon, goblet or something like a burette (pot), after which the child drinks in the usual way, instead of sucking up the liquid, like all mammals. do. But then this perhaps too much ease of swallowing large amounts of milk can have disadvantages, and it is in order to bring artificial breastfeeding as close as possible to natural breastfeeding that bottles were chosen. "

This definition of XIX - th century under this topic is good. When talking about feeding bottles, we must distinguish between the various utensils used for artificial breastfeeding and utensils invented to imitate the mother's breasts, which in itself can be qualified as a feeding bottle.

According to encyclopedia Hachette 2005 edition:

“Male name (lat. Bibere “to drink”). The container is designed for artificial feeding of infants. Taking the form of a small bottle, the bottle is made of sterilization-resistant glass or plastic; it has a rubber nipple with a hole through which milk (or other liquid) flows. "

Almost 150 years separate this definition from the first one. The changes that have led to today's baby bottles are largely the result of scientific, industrial and commercial advances.

First crockery in

XVII - m century
antiquity

Ancient Greek "baby bottle".

Roman "baby bottles" referred to by the Latin terms guttus , ubuppa or titina , resemble vases with a flat or ring foot, with a slightly lowered globular body, a fairly wide mouth and a conical tubular spout, and are very narrow at medium height. abdomen. Sometimes it is equipped with a vertical handle. Some "are gilded with mica, others are covered with a white slip, sometimes reinforced with bands dyed with red ocher".

In the issue of February 20, 2004 Le Monde published an article by Patrick Martinat on the subject:

"[...] Nadine Rouquet, ceramist, arrived at 1996 in the archaeological service of Bourges, discovers a rich inventory of these "bottles" - about fifty - collected during several excavations near the old Avarikum (Bourges du Tempe de Cesar) carried out in the mid-1970s.

An archaeologist is a little lonely to take an interest in this small closed vase, until he learns that German researchers have found acid deposits on the inside walls of these objects, belonging exclusively to human or animal milk. The design of these vessels allowed her to rule out the questionable use of feeding bottles, and she began an investigation that allowed her to estimate a relatively small number of these items - two hundred and thirty "for the entire territory of the Gauls". "

His theoretical hypothesis about the breast pump - "a medical instrument still used for breast pouring" - is confirmed. Introduced in Libourne in 2000, the idea of ​​milk aspiration by the mother herself is "pretty well received". It remains to feel it. “My friend just gave birth. I asked him to practice this self-priming method and it worked,” explains the archaeologist.

Average age

Medieval cone, pierced cow horn

In several paintings and engravings by Pieter Brueghel the Elder or after him, we find images of children with what can be considered a bottle, but which is nothing more than a horn. This primitive version, known as the "cornet", would be used in the European countryside for a very long time to come. This is undoubtedly the simplest and oldest tool that has been used to feed babies by hand. After cleaning, the horn was pierced at the end, and the small hole thus formed was closed with a cow's udder or twisted cloth, which was held on a thread; this second system called "flag" will continue until the beginning of XX - th century coiffera a large variety of models. The most commonly used was goat's milk, which was considered more digestible, hence the name "chevret", referring to a breastfeeding horn for infants or a tube-necked vase (made of terracotta, glass, or pewter) for children. hold this object.

First bottles

First "production" tools for artificial delivery date from XVI - and XVII - th century. They are probably from Russia, Germany, Switzerland, Holland or England and are intended for the wealthy sections of society.

These may be primitive cornet fixtures of silver or glass, or chiseled wood or pewter. As for the little people, they are content with the medieval cornet, as F. Ratier tells us in an 1830 article discussing the evolution of the device:

“[...] starting with a cow horn adorned with an animal nipple at the small end, which the peasants of Ukraine present to children . ..”

Mastery in

XVIII - and XIX - centuries

Many forms of utensils, materials and various types are used in XVIII - and XIX - centuries. These models, too varied to be listed, can nevertheless be grouped into several large families. All of the samples discussed have one thing in common: the adoption of a system that forces the baby to suckle. Thus we exclude all the spoon- or pot-type instruments, which the writers of the time distinguish from the feeding bottle.

Tin and tin bottles

Most tin bottles are of the baluster type with a threaded nipple on a leg (or pedestal). There are "options", straight (not pansus) or pear-shaped, but in all cases only the nipple is unscrewed. These models can be seen in the Public Aid Museums in Paris and the Hospices Civils de Lyon, as well as in the Dufour collection.

Less common are three-piece balusters that unscrew in the middle. However, this is an undoubted progress in terms of hygiene, proving that this problem is not yet relevant. One copy is listed in the book of Abbé Bidault (unbranded) and the other in the work of Michel Schonne. The latter is signed by the tin potter Salmon in Chartres.

Even more surprisingly, several pharmaceutical catalogs from the early 1860s feature hoof-shaped baby bottles from the Guilbaut brand. This manufacturer, who nevertheless offers walking classics, seems to be the only one who has tried to sell this rarity.

Tin bottles are small jugs with a long spout that were used in the everyday life of that time. They are very rare today due to the variable nature of the material used, but are nonetheless very representative.

Regional pottery

While tin is easy to identify, the same cannot be said for many pottery from the Middle Ages, whose appearance and use are not always very obvious. However, these pots have a few points in common by which we can identify them: a spout, short or long, which is most often closed with a flag, a filling hole, and a capacity that varies on average from 120 to 150 ml.

Faience crockery from Kemper

There is a type that deserves our attention, because it leaves no doubt about its use, it is "Pod bronnek". The egg-shaped vase on a pedestal has an upper opening with a small straight neck, a side handle and a nipple-shaped spout.

It seems established that these jugs were used as feeding bottles. Ancient Breton postcards on the subject of almost frequent and numerous articles at the end of XIX - th and at the beginning of XX - th evokes: a drawing in a book illustration of 1889 or in Breton's browser which shows what type of bottle is used with the hose. If this usage is clearly contrived, it nevertheless proves unequivocally that this type of object was used to breastfeed children. Finally, a Gauguin canvas dated 1889 shows an excellent example.

blown glass

This is the end of XVII - th , but especially at the beginning of XIX - th century glass is distributed in the field of artificial feeding. After several unsuccessful attempts with rubber, the tests will again focus on glass. The quality of transparency and immutability associated with this material is the main reason. Thus, one can read in several medical works of the early XIX E century statements going in this direction:

“Whenever possible, we choose glass bottles; made of metal, wood or rubber, always containing a more or less strong, more or less offensive, unpleasant, repulsive odor to the child. "

Among the various glass models, most will be simple bottles, but one form that will become widespread and last over a century is the smear. It turns out that at the beginning of XIX - th centuries and is still in 1910 in Robert's catalog. The characteristics of this bottle will not change much during this time. The feeding bottle has an elongated body with a spout welded to the main body by means of a flange attached at the time of manufacture. There is a filling hole at the top. Some models, more rarely, without a front panel.

Glass

XIX - and early XX -

Dorvo Pharmaceutical Catalog 1862, p. 194

Bottle of the Vosges Sanitary Grandjin , early 20 - th collection of the century museums of the county of Haute-Saône

Along with these blown glass bottles, whether smear or not, there will be several models that will have in common, in addition to being used for most of the inner tube system and a very elaborate nipple that would bear the name of their inventor. So the great novelty of these bottles is that they are no longer anonymous. This is the arrival of brands. Previously, only a few blows, as we have seen, infrequent, indicated the origin.

First brands

Far from being a trivial change, it is probably the basis of the modern bottle, which will thus move from hand-made production to factory production with appropriate trade and advertising. Thus begins to find the middle XIX - th century, inserts that strongly resemble advertising:

" M me Breton, midwife, has just handed over his factories of bottles, nipples, his street property San Sebastian, 40 Boulevard Filles du Calvaire, he receives pregnant ladies for all stages of pregnancy, at reasonable prices. "

This was the start of a competition between inventors, whether they were doctors, midwives or industrialists.

A large number of models can be found in the late 1860s. Dorvo's 1862 catalog lists them: Biberon de Madame Breton, Darbo, Charrière, Thiers. We can also mention the Mathieu bottle, the Salmers bottle, the Leplanque bottle, or finally the Bourca.

Edouard Robert and bottles with a long hose

Glass baby bottles became popular during the industrial revolution. The industry will enable the production of glass vials on a large scale. This inventor-manufacturer will be a symbol of artificial breastfeeding for almost 50 years.

In the late 1860s, Dijon entrepreneur Édouard Robert improved his "Robert valve bottle" (a system of long tubes with a second hole called a "valve" to control the flow). This bottle will symbolize the brand for over 20 years; This is despite the fact that the factory produces a few swabs and simple feeding bottles with screw-on glass caps and long tubes.

This bottle will be praised by many. Thus, in 1873, Robert's faucet with valve received a medal of honor with the inscription "Paris 1873 - World Exhibition - honor to Robert", and the following year - in Marseille - the Society for the Protection of Children. In 1883, in an article written by the Academy of Hygiene Against Diseases of Infancy and Infant Mortality, Dr. Vandenabel praised her:

“We were a little touched when the English flooded us with their bottles, the rubbers of which contained a significant amount of zinc salts and which poisoned a third of babies in France. The French engineer Mr. Robert gladly decided to correct this state of affairs by presenting a feeding bottle, which has not only convenient, but also physiological qualities. "

"Robert's bottle has, in our opinion, rendered and is intended to render the most significant service to mankind in the field of artificial breastfeeding, because this bottle combines the basic qualities necessary either for good design or for great simplicity. What a baby experiences when sucking (...) What gives the Biberon Robert its superiority over all other bottles is its elastic valve.(...) This mechanism will allow the baby to pump fluid regularly, as well as save him from extra effort. "

- The art of bottle feeding - Plon 1877 - Source: Gallica

The Golden Age of the Bottle

Shortly before the end of the 1880s, a long battle began against these death devices (called "killer bottles" by the British), because researchers at that time discovered the causative agents of the main infectious diseases that milk can transmit (tetanus, typhus, diphtheria, mullet in pigs), hence the observation that "the breast protects, the bottle nauseates, kills or leads to madness". The development of milk sterilization as a result of the work of the German Franz von Soxhlet speaks at the end of XIX - th century the use of sterilized bottles and nipples that transform the relationship between women and babies, the symbolic point of view as from the "practical" point of view.

This period is undoubtedly one of the richest in terms of models and brands of the bottle object. We are gradually moving from a bottle with a long hose, which will be banned in 1910, to a feeding bottle, which is shaped like a flat hoof.

In addition to Robert, we can refer to Monchovaut, Grandjean, Rougeot or Leplanquais, who, although they came from the pre-industrial period, continued to sell models late.

All these models, and many others, market share for artificial breastfeeding in full expansion for several decades separating the first models of the inventors of the beginning of XIX E century, sterilizers resulting in a "drop of milk". At the end of the same century.

Sterilizer modern bottle

XX -

The first part of XX - th century is undoubtedly one of those times when very different models coexist. The French countryside is still full of killer bottles with long pipes, as well as many small faience or earthenware jugs from the pre-industrial period. Cities have not become more “modern” and while some pharmacies sell the new straight-shaped hollow glass bottles, of which the Lolo brand is one of the most famous, there are still models of feeders, bottles or long pipes from the last century.

Sterilizer

The Bachelet catalog in its 6- edition dating from 1910-1920 presents the bottle of Lolo among the Grandjean feeders (incomparable and Meusien), Robert (improved without tube and feeder) and other models of the same kind. This 54th page of the catalog adequately represents the beginning of the century. If all bottles now have nipples, the straight shape will still be marginal.

Thanks to the observations and experience of some doctors, the recommendations of the Medical Academy will become more and more accurate, and hygiene will become the main concern of manufacturers. The denunciation of old systems and sterilization is pushing manufacturers to evolve their models towards a more modern form that will lead to the development of something still unrelated to the bottle: the sterilizer.

silk screen printing

One of the first examples of this type of bottle is probably the Amour bottle reproduced on page 210 of the Dufour catalogue. This model dates from the beginning of XX - century. This predecessor repeats the features of the genre: a cylindrical bottle with colored stenciled inscriptions. However, we cannot yet speak of a screen-printed bottle in the modern sense of the word. The inscriptions, of course, are “stenciled”, but in the traditional way. This very tedious technique is rapidly being replaced by industrial screen printing.

So with color screen printing, the bottle will find a way to stand out. This time, the brands will be related to the food industry and, in particular, to the dairy industry. Take Nestlé, Mont Blanc, Gloria, Maggi (acquired by Nestlé in 1947) or even Gallia/Gervais. All these manufacturers produce so-called condensed milk (most often sweetened), which from 1946 will become the basis of preparations for post-war newborns. Obviously, all these brands will have in common, emphasizing the quality of their products.

First Nestlé, Mont Blanc and some others will sell fine glass bottles in several sizes, then Nestlé will move to the cylindrical shape we still know and use Pyrex glass.

Swiss Nestlé and French Mont Blanc would share a large market share in the 1940s and 1950s. The inscriptions on these models will be real operating instructions.

screw ring

In the early 1950s, feeding bottles were enriched with an innovation that continues to this day: the screw ring system. However, this system will only apply to one model registered within a certain time: Bib 49 . The hexagonal hollow glass bottle is provided with a large thread on which the ring holding the nipple is fixed, all this is protected by a shutter, and the assembly does not yet have a stopper. The bakelite material used at the beginning is quickly replaced by plastic.

Mont Blanc and Remond will be the first screen printers to use this process. Stenciled inscriptions will retain their "multi-dose" (condensed, powdered or even natural milk) for some time, giving way to a single graduation in milliliters with the disappearance of concentrated milk in favor of milk powder.

For this period, we will obviously keep the Guigoz milk brand, but above all, Remond, which is still present today, will dominate the bottle market for almost 20 years. .

Health

Sterilization

"Sterilizers" and bottle warmers are still widely used, even though the French health authorities (notably the French Safety Agency in 2005) indicated that:

  • bottle sterilization is not necessary for healthy children. On the one hand, washing dishes in the dishwasher or by hand, with a bottle brush, in hot water with the addition of dishwashing liquid is sufficient. On the other hand, microwave devices or commercial "sterilizers" do not qualify under European (CEN) or French (AFNOR) standardization as sterilization processes.
  • It is only necessary to warm the bottle before use if it is stored at or below 4 °C .

BPA plastic risk

Bisphenol A (BPA), a chemical present in very plastic food and including 90% of baby bottles was involved in 2008. BPA is suspected of being endocrine disruptor. The American Medical Association published a study in October 2008 which concluded that an increase in BPA concentration in the urine increases the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease by 39%.

Six major baby bottle manufacturers have just decided not to make them in the United States anymore, but there is no indication of their export position. In Canada, all bottles containing BPA have been taken off the market as a precautionary measure. In Europe, the ASAE believes that infant doses of BPA are too low to be dangerous. Some bottle makers (Dodie; Avent of the Philips group) decided in 2008 to produce BPA-free bottles, but sold at a higher price. On Wednesday, June 23, 2010, the French National Assembly voted to ban Bisphenol A (BPA) from baby bottles. In late 2012, following an ANSES report on BPA toxicity, it passed a law banning BPA in all food containers intended for babies from 2013 and early 2015 for others: jars, plastic packaging, tin cans. Physicians of the Santé Environment France Association have been mobilizing for a long time to raise awareness of the dangers of BPA. D Dr. Patrice Halimi, General Secretary of ASEF, stated in a press release: “This shows that the publication of studies, political power sometimes gets to the ear! However, we must remain vigilant until the law is enforced. The law on air has been passed, so we breathe better, that's not why.

Notes and links

  1. ↑ bottle
  2. ↑ (in) J. Dunn, C. Rebay-Salisbury, R. B. Salisbury, A. Frisch, C. Walton-Doyle, and R. P. Evershed, " Ruminant milk in ceramic baby bottles from prehistoric children-serious ", Nature , (DOI 10.1038/s41586-019-1572-x)
  3. ↑ Camille Gobert, " 5000 years ago our ancestors poured animal milk into clay bottles ", on sciencesetavenir.fr,
  4. ↑ Danielle Gurevich, " Ancient breast pumps and the medical use of human milk ,» History of Medical Sciences , p o 24, , pp. 149–159
  5. ↑ Gerard Coulomb, Child in Roman Gaul , Errance Publishing House, , pp. 60
  6. ↑ Daniel Gurevich, "Roman bottles: shapes and names", in Guy Sabbah (ed.), Le latin medicale. Scientific Language Constitution , Saint-Étienne, 1991, 117-133.
  7. ↑ Gerard Coulomb, Child in Roman Gaul , Errance, , page 61
  8. ↑ Daniel Alexandre-Bidon, Monique Closson, Child in the Shadow of Cathedrals , University Press of Lyon, , pp. 135
  9. ↑ However, the 1873 World's Fair was held in Vienna.
  10. ↑ Katherine Rolle, Early Childhood Policy in the Third Republic , National Institute for Population Research, , line 570
  11. ↑ Katherine Rolle, Early childhood policy in the Third Republic , National Institute for Population Research, , pp. Yvonne Kniebiler (1991), Corps et cœurs' In: G. Duby, M. Perrot (Eds.), Histoire des femmes en Occident , vol. 4, Paris: Plon, p. 351-387
  12. ↑ FEC. 1299
  13. ↑ "United States is getting rid of BPA bottles", on Citizen Science,
  14. ↑ "New rollback of BPA ban on baby bottles", Actualité News Wednesday,
  15. ↑ http://www.anses.fr/fr/content/bisph%C3%A9nol
  16. ↑ Le Monde with AFP, " BPA Food Container Ban Finalized", Le Monde , (read online) .
  17. ↑ http://www.metronews.fr/info/bisphenol-al-alerte-sur-les-biberons-devient-officielle/mjbg!ZMuLYhijyxg6/
  18. ↑ "Bisphenol A: Creator of Breast Cancer", on Asef,

Applications

Bibliography

  • The art of bottle feeding, Plon (Paris) 1877 [ read online ]
  • Abbé Paul Bidault and Dr. Jean Lepart, Medical and Pharmaceutical Banks , Massin, 1979
  • Michel Schonne, Chartres Tin Potters , Fontenay-sur-Cony, Alphonse Marre, 1982
  • Marie-Claude Delahai, Nipples and pacifiers, a history of breastfeeding , ed. Trame Way, 1990.
  • Béatrice Fontanelle and Claire d'Harcourt, The Epic of the Infants - The Story of the Little Men , ed. La Martiniere, 1996
  • Collective, Les Biberons du Docteur Dufour , Exhibition Catalogue, Ed. Museums of Fecamp, 1997
  • Marie-Claude Delahai, Formula-fed infants , ed. Hoebeke, 2003
  • Cecile Lacharme, Feeding Bottle Collection by Prof. Ettore Rossi, On the History of Infant Feeding from Antiquity to the Present , Ed. Alimentarium Foundation, 2004
  • Ludovic Clément, A bottle through the ages - A bottle in France since its inception , Loulou, Lyon, 2010
  • Jean-Pierre Deschamps and Denise Bloch, Focus on baby bottles and cereals, another look at the diet of toddlers , Éditions Associates d'îmes, Nancy, 2010

Related Articles

  • Breastfeeding
  • Food allergy
  • Artificial milk
  • Bisphenol A (BPA)

Exhibition grounds

  • Public Aid Hospital Museum, 47 quai de la Tournelle, Paris
  • Lyon Civic Hospice Museum, 1 Place de l'Hôpital, Lyon
  • Children's Art Museum, Rue Alexandra Legros 21, Fecamp
  • Alimentarium - Food Museum, Promenade Perdonnet, Vevey (Switzerland)

External Links

  • Website: Illustrated History of the
    • Bottle
  • Site: collection of silk-screened baby bottles
  • [PDF] Hygiene advice for the preparation and storage of baby bottles (AFSAA Press Kit)
  • [PDF] Hygienic recommendations for the preparation and storage of baby bottles (AFSAA report)

Learn more